Deciphering aquaporin-4’s influence on perivascular diffusion indices using DTI in rat stroke studies
BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the dynamic changes of the perivascular space diffusion index (index for diffusivity along the perivascular space, ALPS) and its relationship with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) polarization after cerebral ischemia in rats.MethodsRats were subjected to transient middle cer...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2025.1566957/full |
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| author | Jiaqi Tian Jiaqi Tian Yuwen Zhang Le Liu Chaofan Li Xiaozhu Hao |
| author_facet | Jiaqi Tian Jiaqi Tian Yuwen Zhang Le Liu Chaofan Li Xiaozhu Hao |
| author_sort | Jiaqi Tian |
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| description | BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the dynamic changes of the perivascular space diffusion index (index for diffusivity along the perivascular space, ALPS) and its relationship with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) polarization after cerebral ischemia in rats.MethodsRats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and evaluated at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days post-ischemia using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). The ALPS index was determined from imaging data, focusing on periventricular and corpus callosum/cingulate regions. Brains were analyzed for AQP4 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) via immunofluorescence.ResultsThe results showed that ischemic rats displayed reduced ALPS indexes, particularly on the ipsilateral side, with an initial decrease at day 1 and subsequent recovery by days 14 and 28. AQP4 polarization in the non-glial scar area around the infarction followed a similar pattern, demonstrating that there was a concordant trend between the ALPS index and AQP4 polarization status.ConclusionIn conclusion, the ALPS index can reflect changes in AQP4-mediated glymphatic pathway function, suggesting a significant decline in the hyperacute phase and a notable recovery in the early chronic phase, which may have implications for stroke therapeutic strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-62bb995beae642c79fd1fbc0261ebef2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-62bb995beae642c79fd1fbc0261ebef22025-08-20T03:59:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2025-08-011910.3389/fnins.2025.15669571566957Deciphering aquaporin-4’s influence on perivascular diffusion indices using DTI in rat stroke studiesJiaqi Tian0Jiaqi Tian1Yuwen Zhang2Le Liu3Chaofan Li4Xiaozhu Hao5Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaCollege of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaSchool of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaSchool of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the dynamic changes of the perivascular space diffusion index (index for diffusivity along the perivascular space, ALPS) and its relationship with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) polarization after cerebral ischemia in rats.MethodsRats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and evaluated at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days post-ischemia using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). The ALPS index was determined from imaging data, focusing on periventricular and corpus callosum/cingulate regions. Brains were analyzed for AQP4 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) via immunofluorescence.ResultsThe results showed that ischemic rats displayed reduced ALPS indexes, particularly on the ipsilateral side, with an initial decrease at day 1 and subsequent recovery by days 14 and 28. AQP4 polarization in the non-glial scar area around the infarction followed a similar pattern, demonstrating that there was a concordant trend between the ALPS index and AQP4 polarization status.ConclusionIn conclusion, the ALPS index can reflect changes in AQP4-mediated glymphatic pathway function, suggesting a significant decline in the hyperacute phase and a notable recovery in the early chronic phase, which may have implications for stroke therapeutic strategies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2025.1566957/fullcerebral ischemiaglymphatic pathwayDTIALPS indexAQP4 polarization |
| spellingShingle | Jiaqi Tian Jiaqi Tian Yuwen Zhang Le Liu Chaofan Li Xiaozhu Hao Deciphering aquaporin-4’s influence on perivascular diffusion indices using DTI in rat stroke studies Frontiers in Neuroscience cerebral ischemia glymphatic pathway DTI ALPS index AQP4 polarization |
| title | Deciphering aquaporin-4’s influence on perivascular diffusion indices using DTI in rat stroke studies |
| title_full | Deciphering aquaporin-4’s influence on perivascular diffusion indices using DTI in rat stroke studies |
| title_fullStr | Deciphering aquaporin-4’s influence on perivascular diffusion indices using DTI in rat stroke studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deciphering aquaporin-4’s influence on perivascular diffusion indices using DTI in rat stroke studies |
| title_short | Deciphering aquaporin-4’s influence on perivascular diffusion indices using DTI in rat stroke studies |
| title_sort | deciphering aquaporin 4 s influence on perivascular diffusion indices using dti in rat stroke studies |
| topic | cerebral ischemia glymphatic pathway DTI ALPS index AQP4 polarization |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2025.1566957/full |
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