A Ray-Tracing-Based Single-Site Localization Method for Non-Line-of-Sight Environments
Localization accuracy in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios is often hindered by the complex nature of multipath propagation. Traditional approaches typically focus on NLOS node identification and error mitigation techniques. However, the intricacies of NLOS localization are intrinsically tied to pr...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/7925 |
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| author | Shuo Hu Lixin Guo Zhongyu Liu |
| author_facet | Shuo Hu Lixin Guo Zhongyu Liu |
| author_sort | Shuo Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Localization accuracy in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios is often hindered by the complex nature of multipath propagation. Traditional approaches typically focus on NLOS node identification and error mitigation techniques. However, the intricacies of NLOS localization are intrinsically tied to propagation challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel single-site localization method tailored for complex multipath NLOS environments, leveraging only angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimates in conjunction with a ray-tracing (RT) algorithm. The method transforms NLOS paths into equivalent line-of-sight (LOS) paths through the generation of generalized sources (GSs) via ray tracing. A novel weighting mechanism for GSs is introduced, which, when combined with an iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) estimator, significantly improves the localization accuracy of non-cooperative target sources. Furthermore, a multipath similarity displacement matrix (MSDM) is incorporated to enhance accuracy in regions with pronounced multipath fluctuations. Simulation results validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm, achieving localization performance that approaches the Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB), even in challenging NLOS scenarios. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-629cbbdc85d6458fbac70d4edc5e1c6a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-629cbbdc85d6458fbac70d4edc5e1c6a2025-08-20T02:01:14ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-12-012424792510.3390/s24247925A Ray-Tracing-Based Single-Site Localization Method for Non-Line-of-Sight EnvironmentsShuo Hu0Lixin Guo1Zhongyu Liu2School of Physics, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaSchool of Physics, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaSchool of Physics, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaLocalization accuracy in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios is often hindered by the complex nature of multipath propagation. Traditional approaches typically focus on NLOS node identification and error mitigation techniques. However, the intricacies of NLOS localization are intrinsically tied to propagation challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel single-site localization method tailored for complex multipath NLOS environments, leveraging only angle-of-arrival (AOA) estimates in conjunction with a ray-tracing (RT) algorithm. The method transforms NLOS paths into equivalent line-of-sight (LOS) paths through the generation of generalized sources (GSs) via ray tracing. A novel weighting mechanism for GSs is introduced, which, when combined with an iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) estimator, significantly improves the localization accuracy of non-cooperative target sources. Furthermore, a multipath similarity displacement matrix (MSDM) is incorporated to enhance accuracy in regions with pronounced multipath fluctuations. Simulation results validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm, achieving localization performance that approaches the Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB), even in challenging NLOS scenarios.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/7925AOANLOSsingle-site localizationpropagationRTIRLS |
| spellingShingle | Shuo Hu Lixin Guo Zhongyu Liu A Ray-Tracing-Based Single-Site Localization Method for Non-Line-of-Sight Environments Sensors AOA NLOS single-site localization propagation RT IRLS |
| title | A Ray-Tracing-Based Single-Site Localization Method for Non-Line-of-Sight Environments |
| title_full | A Ray-Tracing-Based Single-Site Localization Method for Non-Line-of-Sight Environments |
| title_fullStr | A Ray-Tracing-Based Single-Site Localization Method for Non-Line-of-Sight Environments |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Ray-Tracing-Based Single-Site Localization Method for Non-Line-of-Sight Environments |
| title_short | A Ray-Tracing-Based Single-Site Localization Method for Non-Line-of-Sight Environments |
| title_sort | ray tracing based single site localization method for non line of sight environments |
| topic | AOA NLOS single-site localization propagation RT IRLS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/24/7925 |
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