The E3 ligase c-Cbl modulates microglial phenotypes and contributes to Parkinson’s disease pathology

Abstract Microglial activation, particularly the polarization between classical (M1 phenotype) and alternative (M2 phenotype) states, plays pivotal roles in the immune pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), with the M1 phenotype exerting neurotoxic effects and the M2 phenotype conferring neuropro...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shumin Deng, Zhiyuan Zhang, Lu Liu, Chen Xu, Di Zhang, Lin Dong, Chunyan Gao, Xiaomin Wang, Zheng Fan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2025-04-01
Series:Cell Death Discovery
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41420-025-02482-0
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