Farming, Foreign Holidays, and Vitamin D in Orkney.
Orkney, north of mainland Scotland, has the world's highest prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS); vitamin D deficiency, a marker of low UV exposure, is also common in Scotland. Strong associations have been identified between vitamin D deficiency and MS, and between UV exposure and MS independ...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2016-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0155633&type=printable |
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| author | Emily Weiss Lina Zgaga Stephanie Read Sarah Wild Malcolm G Dunlop Harry Campbell Ruth McQuillan James F Wilson |
| author_facet | Emily Weiss Lina Zgaga Stephanie Read Sarah Wild Malcolm G Dunlop Harry Campbell Ruth McQuillan James F Wilson |
| author_sort | Emily Weiss |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Orkney, north of mainland Scotland, has the world's highest prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS); vitamin D deficiency, a marker of low UV exposure, is also common in Scotland. Strong associations have been identified between vitamin D deficiency and MS, and between UV exposure and MS independent of vitamin D, although causal relationships remain to be confirmed. We aimed to compare plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in Orkney and mainland Scotland, and establish the determinants of vitamin D status in Orkney. We compared mean vitamin D and prevalence of deficiency in cross-sectional study data from participants in the Orkney Complex Disease Study (ORCADES) and controls in the Scottish Colorectal Cancer Study (SOCCS). We used multivariable regression to identify factors associated with vitamin D levels in Orkney. Mean (standard deviation) vitamin D was significantly higher among ORCADES than SOCCS participants (35.3 (18.0) and 31.7 (21.2), respectively). Prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency was lower in ORCADES than SOCCS participants (6.6% to 16.2% p = 1.1 x 10(-15)). Older age, farming occupations and foreign holidays were significantly associated with higher vitamin D in Orkney. Although mean vitamin D levels are higher in Orkney than mainland Scotland, this masks variation within the Orkney population which may influence MS risk. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-621dd6bbf067473080d7ce1f6f01dfa2 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj-art-621dd6bbf067473080d7ce1f6f01dfa22025-08-20T02:31:59ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032016-01-01115e015563310.1371/journal.pone.0155633Farming, Foreign Holidays, and Vitamin D in Orkney.Emily WeissLina ZgagaStephanie ReadSarah WildMalcolm G DunlopHarry CampbellRuth McQuillanJames F WilsonOrkney, north of mainland Scotland, has the world's highest prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS); vitamin D deficiency, a marker of low UV exposure, is also common in Scotland. Strong associations have been identified between vitamin D deficiency and MS, and between UV exposure and MS independent of vitamin D, although causal relationships remain to be confirmed. We aimed to compare plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in Orkney and mainland Scotland, and establish the determinants of vitamin D status in Orkney. We compared mean vitamin D and prevalence of deficiency in cross-sectional study data from participants in the Orkney Complex Disease Study (ORCADES) and controls in the Scottish Colorectal Cancer Study (SOCCS). We used multivariable regression to identify factors associated with vitamin D levels in Orkney. Mean (standard deviation) vitamin D was significantly higher among ORCADES than SOCCS participants (35.3 (18.0) and 31.7 (21.2), respectively). Prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency was lower in ORCADES than SOCCS participants (6.6% to 16.2% p = 1.1 x 10(-15)). Older age, farming occupations and foreign holidays were significantly associated with higher vitamin D in Orkney. Although mean vitamin D levels are higher in Orkney than mainland Scotland, this masks variation within the Orkney population which may influence MS risk.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0155633&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Emily Weiss Lina Zgaga Stephanie Read Sarah Wild Malcolm G Dunlop Harry Campbell Ruth McQuillan James F Wilson Farming, Foreign Holidays, and Vitamin D in Orkney. PLoS ONE |
| title | Farming, Foreign Holidays, and Vitamin D in Orkney. |
| title_full | Farming, Foreign Holidays, and Vitamin D in Orkney. |
| title_fullStr | Farming, Foreign Holidays, and Vitamin D in Orkney. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Farming, Foreign Holidays, and Vitamin D in Orkney. |
| title_short | Farming, Foreign Holidays, and Vitamin D in Orkney. |
| title_sort | farming foreign holidays and vitamin d in orkney |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0155633&type=printable |
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