Stem Rust Resistance in 62 Cultivars and Elite Lines from Northern Huanghuai Region of China
Wheat stem rust, caused by <i>Puccinia graminis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>, is a major disease that severely affects safe wheat production. The Huanghuai region plays a vital role in China’s wheat production and the wheat stem rust epidemic across China. However, due to China’...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/5/1174 |
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| Summary: | Wheat stem rust, caused by <i>Puccinia graminis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i>, is a major disease that severely affects safe wheat production. The Huanghuai region plays a vital role in China’s wheat production and the wheat stem rust epidemic across China. However, due to China’s effective control measures, wheat stem rust rarely occurs in the region, resulting in little research on this disease, including the determination of resistance genes in cultivars and elite lines. For this purpose, this study utilized two predominant races (21C3CTHQM and 34MKGQM) of <i>P. graminis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> to determine the resistance levels of 64 wheat cultivars in the Huanghuai wheat region. Additionally, molecular markers linked with <i>Sr24</i>, <i>Sr25</i>, <i>Sr26</i>, <i>Sr31</i>, and <i>Sr38</i> were used to analyze the presence of these genes. The results indicated that among the 62 wheat cultivars and elite lines, 13 cultivars contained <i>Sr31</i>, four cultivars were detected to contain <i>Sr38</i>, and none contained <i>Sr24</i>, <i>Sr25</i>, or <i>Sr26</i>. Field tests in 2023 showed that three (4.8%) cultivars exhibited immunity to both races, while 20 (32.3%) and 23 (37.1%) cultivars showed resistance to moderate resistance, and 39 (62.9%) and 36 (58.1%) cultivars were moderately susceptible to susceptible. In 2024, one (1.6%) and four (6.5%) cultivars demonstrated immunity to both races, 22 (35.5%) and 23 (37.1%) cultivars showed resistance to moderate resistance, and 39 (62.9%) and 35 (56.5%) cultivars were moderately susceptible to susceptible. With over 50% of the cultivars displaying susceptibility, the overall resistance level was relatively low, indicating that stem rust outbreaks could recur if a sufficient inoculum is present. It is crucial to explore new resistance sources, discover novel resistance genes, and breed wheat cultivars with durable resistance and desirable agronomic traits to enhance the overall resistance to stem rust in Chinese wheat-growing regions. |
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| ISSN: | 2073-4395 |