Development of Prevascularized Synthetic Block Graft for Maxillofacial Reconstruction
Cranio-maxillofacial bone reconstruction, especially for large defects, remains challenging. Synthetic biomimetic materials are emerging as alternatives to autogenous grafts. Tissue engineering aims to create natural tissue-mimicking materials, with calcium phosphate-based scaffolds showing promise...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/1/18 |
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| author | Borvornwut Buranawat Abeer Shaalan Devy F. Garna Lucy Di Silvio |
| author_facet | Borvornwut Buranawat Abeer Shaalan Devy F. Garna Lucy Di Silvio |
| author_sort | Borvornwut Buranawat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cranio-maxillofacial bone reconstruction, especially for large defects, remains challenging. Synthetic biomimetic materials are emerging as alternatives to autogenous grafts. Tissue engineering aims to create natural tissue-mimicking materials, with calcium phosphate-based scaffolds showing promise for bone regeneration applications. This study developed a porous calcium metaphosphate (CMP) scaffold with physicochemical properties mimicking natural bone, aiming to create a prevascularized synthetic bone graft. The scaffold, fabricated using sintered monocalcium phosphate with poly (vinyl alcohol) as a porogen, exhibited pore sizes ranging from 0 to 400 μm, with the highest frequency between 80 and 100 μm. The co-culture of endothelial cells (ECs) with human alveolar osteoblasts (aHOBs) on the scaffold led to the formation of tube-like structures and intrinsic VEGF release, reaching 10,455.6 pg/mL This level approached the optimal dose for vascular formation. Conversely, the co-culture with mesenchymal stem cells did not yield similar results. Combining ECs and aHOBs in the CMP scaffold offers a promising approach to developing prevascularized grafts for cranio-maxillofacial reconstruction. This innovative strategy can potentially enhance vascularization in large tissue-engineered constructs, addressing a critical limitation in current bone regeneration techniques. The prevascularized synthetic bone graft developed in this study could significantly improve the success rate of maxillofacial reconstructions, offering a viable alternative to autogenous grafts. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-61d0b98c640b40bbb4ad15bfdb1520c4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2079-4983 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
| spelling | doaj-art-61d0b98c640b40bbb4ad15bfdb1520c42025-01-24T13:36:08ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Biomaterials2079-49832025-01-011611810.3390/jfb16010018Development of Prevascularized Synthetic Block Graft for Maxillofacial ReconstructionBorvornwut Buranawat0Abeer Shaalan1Devy F. Garna2Lucy Di Silvio3Center for Implant Dentistry and Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry and Research Unit in Innovations in Periodontics, Oral Surgery and Advanced Technology in Implant Dentistry, Thammasat University, Bangkok 10200, ThailandCenter for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UKCenter for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UKCenter for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UKCranio-maxillofacial bone reconstruction, especially for large defects, remains challenging. Synthetic biomimetic materials are emerging as alternatives to autogenous grafts. Tissue engineering aims to create natural tissue-mimicking materials, with calcium phosphate-based scaffolds showing promise for bone regeneration applications. This study developed a porous calcium metaphosphate (CMP) scaffold with physicochemical properties mimicking natural bone, aiming to create a prevascularized synthetic bone graft. The scaffold, fabricated using sintered monocalcium phosphate with poly (vinyl alcohol) as a porogen, exhibited pore sizes ranging from 0 to 400 μm, with the highest frequency between 80 and 100 μm. The co-culture of endothelial cells (ECs) with human alveolar osteoblasts (aHOBs) on the scaffold led to the formation of tube-like structures and intrinsic VEGF release, reaching 10,455.6 pg/mL This level approached the optimal dose for vascular formation. Conversely, the co-culture with mesenchymal stem cells did not yield similar results. Combining ECs and aHOBs in the CMP scaffold offers a promising approach to developing prevascularized grafts for cranio-maxillofacial reconstruction. This innovative strategy can potentially enhance vascularization in large tissue-engineered constructs, addressing a critical limitation in current bone regeneration techniques. The prevascularized synthetic bone graft developed in this study could significantly improve the success rate of maxillofacial reconstructions, offering a viable alternative to autogenous grafts.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/1/18prevascularizationporous calcium phosphate block graftbone tissue engineeringgrowth factors |
| spellingShingle | Borvornwut Buranawat Abeer Shaalan Devy F. Garna Lucy Di Silvio Development of Prevascularized Synthetic Block Graft for Maxillofacial Reconstruction Journal of Functional Biomaterials prevascularization porous calcium phosphate block graft bone tissue engineering growth factors |
| title | Development of Prevascularized Synthetic Block Graft for Maxillofacial Reconstruction |
| title_full | Development of Prevascularized Synthetic Block Graft for Maxillofacial Reconstruction |
| title_fullStr | Development of Prevascularized Synthetic Block Graft for Maxillofacial Reconstruction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Prevascularized Synthetic Block Graft for Maxillofacial Reconstruction |
| title_short | Development of Prevascularized Synthetic Block Graft for Maxillofacial Reconstruction |
| title_sort | development of prevascularized synthetic block graft for maxillofacial reconstruction |
| topic | prevascularization porous calcium phosphate block graft bone tissue engineering growth factors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/16/1/18 |
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