Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed Nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti-inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model
Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability and mortality among children and adults in developed countries. Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects and is closely related...
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BMC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Medical Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02344-6 |
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| author | Zigui Chen Chunyuan Zhang Yuhua Fang He Zhang Jiawei Luo Changfeng Miao Jiale Li Jun Peng Yingqi Qiu Ying Xia Qisheng Luo |
| author_facet | Zigui Chen Chunyuan Zhang Yuhua Fang He Zhang Jiawei Luo Changfeng Miao Jiale Li Jun Peng Yingqi Qiu Ying Xia Qisheng Luo |
| author_sort | Zigui Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability and mortality among children and adults in developed countries. Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects and is closely related to TBI. Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells (OM-MSCs) could promote neural regeneration. At present, the effects of OM-MSCs with overexpressed Nrf2 in brain diseases remain to be explored. Methods The OM-MSCs were prepared and transfected with Nrf2 overexpression plasmid. Those transfected cells were termed as OM-MSCs with Nrf2 overexpression (OM-MSCsNrf2) and co-cultured with rat pheochromocytoma cells PC12 or murine microglia BV2. The effects of OM-MSCsNrf2 on the survival and angiogenesis of PC12 cells were evaluated through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and tube formation assay, and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) were calculated to reflect glycolysis. Immunofluorescence assay was applied to determine the effects of OM-MSCsNrf2 on microglial polarization, and the underlying molecular mechanisms were analyzed based on the quantification tests of RT-qPCR and immunoblotting. Results Co-culture of OM-MSCsNrf2 and PC12 cells increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and pro-angiogenesis factors, enhanced the cell survival and angiogenesis. Moreover, we also observed elevated phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT and suppressed BAX protein expression. Meanwhile, OM-MSCsNrf2 inhibited the levels of pro-inflammatory genes and affected the glycolysis in PC12 cells. In the co-cultured system of OM-MSCsNrf2 and BV2 cells, M2 microglial polarization was observed, and the levels of M2 microglia-relevant genes and the phosphorylation of STAT6/AMPKα/SMAD3 were elevated. Conclusion This study proved the effects of OM-MSCsNrf2 on modulating PC12 and BV2 cells in vitro, which, however, necessitates further in vivo validation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6193543ebbb747a88b3a3823bbf1a0c4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2047-783X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Medical Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-6193543ebbb747a88b3a3823bbf1a0c42025-02-09T12:26:39ZengBMCEuropean Journal of Medical Research2047-783X2025-02-0130111410.1186/s40001-025-02344-6Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed Nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti-inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury modelZigui Chen0Chunyuan Zhang1Yuhua Fang2He Zhang3Jiawei Luo4Changfeng Miao5Jiale Li6Jun Peng7Yingqi Qiu8Ying Xia9Qisheng Luo10Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of MedicineDepartment of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesDepartment of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesDepartment of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesDepartment of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesDepartment of Neurosurgery Second Branche, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University)Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of MedicineDepartment of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of MedicineDepartment of Clinical Research Center, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of MedicineDepartment of Neurosurgery, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of MedicineDepartment of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesAbstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability and mortality among children and adults in developed countries. Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects and is closely related to TBI. Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells (OM-MSCs) could promote neural regeneration. At present, the effects of OM-MSCs with overexpressed Nrf2 in brain diseases remain to be explored. Methods The OM-MSCs were prepared and transfected with Nrf2 overexpression plasmid. Those transfected cells were termed as OM-MSCs with Nrf2 overexpression (OM-MSCsNrf2) and co-cultured with rat pheochromocytoma cells PC12 or murine microglia BV2. The effects of OM-MSCsNrf2 on the survival and angiogenesis of PC12 cells were evaluated through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and tube formation assay, and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) were calculated to reflect glycolysis. Immunofluorescence assay was applied to determine the effects of OM-MSCsNrf2 on microglial polarization, and the underlying molecular mechanisms were analyzed based on the quantification tests of RT-qPCR and immunoblotting. Results Co-culture of OM-MSCsNrf2 and PC12 cells increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and pro-angiogenesis factors, enhanced the cell survival and angiogenesis. Moreover, we also observed elevated phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT and suppressed BAX protein expression. Meanwhile, OM-MSCsNrf2 inhibited the levels of pro-inflammatory genes and affected the glycolysis in PC12 cells. In the co-cultured system of OM-MSCsNrf2 and BV2 cells, M2 microglial polarization was observed, and the levels of M2 microglia-relevant genes and the phosphorylation of STAT6/AMPKα/SMAD3 were elevated. Conclusion This study proved the effects of OM-MSCsNrf2 on modulating PC12 and BV2 cells in vitro, which, however, necessitates further in vivo validation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02344-6Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cellsTraumatic brain injuryNuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2AngiogenesisMicroglia |
| spellingShingle | Zigui Chen Chunyuan Zhang Yuhua Fang He Zhang Jiawei Luo Changfeng Miao Jiale Li Jun Peng Yingqi Qiu Ying Xia Qisheng Luo Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed Nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti-inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model European Journal of Medical Research Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells Traumatic brain injury Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 Angiogenesis Microglia |
| title | Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed Nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti-inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model |
| title_full | Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed Nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti-inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model |
| title_fullStr | Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed Nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti-inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed Nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti-inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model |
| title_short | Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed Nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti-inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model |
| title_sort | olfactory mucosa mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model |
| topic | Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells Traumatic brain injury Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 Angiogenesis Microglia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02344-6 |
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