The sensitivity of locus of control to life events and implications for its moderating influence on wellbeing

Abstract A growing literature examines the importance of non-cognitive skills (psychological traits) in determining success across many facets of life, as well as their role in moderating the impact of life events on socioeconomic outcomes. While an extensive literature in psychology has found that...

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Main Authors: Steven Stillman, Malathi Velamuri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13930-3
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author Steven Stillman
Malathi Velamuri
author_facet Steven Stillman
Malathi Velamuri
author_sort Steven Stillman
collection DOAJ
description Abstract A growing literature examines the importance of non-cognitive skills (psychological traits) in determining success across many facets of life, as well as their role in moderating the impact of life events on socioeconomic outcomes. While an extensive literature in psychology has found that these skills are mutable over the life course, several papers in the economics literature continue to treat these traits as exogenous to life events for adult populations. Using longitudinal data that measures locus of control (LoC) every 4 years, we show that a subset of life events has large effects on LoC for adults and that some effects persist over several years. We then demonstrate that treating LoC as exogenous to life events can lead to misleading inference when examining its role as a moderator of the impact of life events on socioeconomic outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-6181aa86ab534afa96822a09c7e1e0f02025-08-20T04:02:56ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-13930-3The sensitivity of locus of control to life events and implications for its moderating influence on wellbeingSteven Stillman0Malathi Velamuri1Free University of BozenEconomics consultantAbstract A growing literature examines the importance of non-cognitive skills (psychological traits) in determining success across many facets of life, as well as their role in moderating the impact of life events on socioeconomic outcomes. While an extensive literature in psychology has found that these skills are mutable over the life course, several papers in the economics literature continue to treat these traits as exogenous to life events for adult populations. Using longitudinal data that measures locus of control (LoC) every 4 years, we show that a subset of life events has large effects on LoC for adults and that some effects persist over several years. We then demonstrate that treating LoC as exogenous to life events can lead to misleading inference when examining its role as a moderator of the impact of life events on socioeconomic outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13930-3Non-cognitive skillsLocus of controlStabilityEndogeneityAdaptation
spellingShingle Steven Stillman
Malathi Velamuri
The sensitivity of locus of control to life events and implications for its moderating influence on wellbeing
Scientific Reports
Non-cognitive skills
Locus of control
Stability
Endogeneity
Adaptation
title The sensitivity of locus of control to life events and implications for its moderating influence on wellbeing
title_full The sensitivity of locus of control to life events and implications for its moderating influence on wellbeing
title_fullStr The sensitivity of locus of control to life events and implications for its moderating influence on wellbeing
title_full_unstemmed The sensitivity of locus of control to life events and implications for its moderating influence on wellbeing
title_short The sensitivity of locus of control to life events and implications for its moderating influence on wellbeing
title_sort sensitivity of locus of control to life events and implications for its moderating influence on wellbeing
topic Non-cognitive skills
Locus of control
Stability
Endogeneity
Adaptation
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-13930-3
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