Streamlined Bearing Fault Detection Using Artificial Intelligence in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are widely used in industrial applications due to their high efficiency and reliability. However, bearing faults remain a critical issue, necessitating robust fault detection strategies. This paper proposes an edge–fog–cloud architecture for bearing fault...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Javier de las Morenas, Lidia M. Belmonte, Rafael Morales
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Machines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/5/357
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850126853346426880
author Javier de las Morenas
Lidia M. Belmonte
Rafael Morales
author_facet Javier de las Morenas
Lidia M. Belmonte
Rafael Morales
author_sort Javier de las Morenas
collection DOAJ
description Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are widely used in industrial applications due to their high efficiency and reliability. However, bearing faults remain a critical issue, necessitating robust fault detection strategies. This paper proposes an edge–fog–cloud architecture for bearing fault detection with a specific focus on implementing an efficient and non-intrusive edge-based solution. The methodology involves preprocessing motor current signals through fast Fourier transform (FFT) and Hilbert transform-based envelope analysis to extract harmonics without being masked by the fundamental supply frequency. These features are used to train machine learning models, considering variations in both speed and load. Experimental validation is conducted using the Paderborn University Bearing Dataset, demonstrating that the proposed approach achieves exceptional accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, exceeding 0.98 with models such as XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost. While CatBoost exhibits the highest performance, LightGBM is selected as the optimal model due to its significantly reduced training time, making it well suited for edge computing applications. A comparison with prior studies confirms that the proposed method delivers competitive performance while utilizing fewer sensors, reducing hardware complexity. This research lays the groundwork for future predictive maintenance strategies ensuring real-time diagnostics and optimized industrial deployment.
format Article
id doaj-art-6166f897a6174cf782f5b66df36ca4a4
institution OA Journals
issn 2075-1702
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Machines
spelling doaj-art-6166f897a6174cf782f5b66df36ca4a42025-08-20T02:33:50ZengMDPI AGMachines2075-17022025-04-0113535710.3390/machines13050357Streamlined Bearing Fault Detection Using Artificial Intelligence in Permanent Magnet Synchronous MotorsJavier de las Morenas0Lidia M. Belmonte1Rafael Morales2Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, SpainEscuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, SpainInstituto de Investigación en Informática (I3A), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, SpainPermanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are widely used in industrial applications due to their high efficiency and reliability. However, bearing faults remain a critical issue, necessitating robust fault detection strategies. This paper proposes an edge–fog–cloud architecture for bearing fault detection with a specific focus on implementing an efficient and non-intrusive edge-based solution. The methodology involves preprocessing motor current signals through fast Fourier transform (FFT) and Hilbert transform-based envelope analysis to extract harmonics without being masked by the fundamental supply frequency. These features are used to train machine learning models, considering variations in both speed and load. Experimental validation is conducted using the Paderborn University Bearing Dataset, demonstrating that the proposed approach achieves exceptional accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, exceeding 0.98 with models such as XGBoost, LightGBM, and CatBoost. While CatBoost exhibits the highest performance, LightGBM is selected as the optimal model due to its significantly reduced training time, making it well suited for edge computing applications. A comparison with prior studies confirms that the proposed method delivers competitive performance while utilizing fewer sensors, reducing hardware complexity. This research lays the groundwork for future predictive maintenance strategies ensuring real-time diagnostics and optimized industrial deployment.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/5/357non-intrusive condition monitoringbearing fault detectionedge–fog–cloud computingartificial intelligenceraw data preprocessing
spellingShingle Javier de las Morenas
Lidia M. Belmonte
Rafael Morales
Streamlined Bearing Fault Detection Using Artificial Intelligence in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
Machines
non-intrusive condition monitoring
bearing fault detection
edge–fog–cloud computing
artificial intelligence
raw data preprocessing
title Streamlined Bearing Fault Detection Using Artificial Intelligence in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
title_full Streamlined Bearing Fault Detection Using Artificial Intelligence in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
title_fullStr Streamlined Bearing Fault Detection Using Artificial Intelligence in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
title_full_unstemmed Streamlined Bearing Fault Detection Using Artificial Intelligence in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
title_short Streamlined Bearing Fault Detection Using Artificial Intelligence in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
title_sort streamlined bearing fault detection using artificial intelligence in permanent magnet synchronous motors
topic non-intrusive condition monitoring
bearing fault detection
edge–fog–cloud computing
artificial intelligence
raw data preprocessing
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/5/357
work_keys_str_mv AT javierdelasmorenas streamlinedbearingfaultdetectionusingartificialintelligenceinpermanentmagnetsynchronousmotors
AT lidiambelmonte streamlinedbearingfaultdetectionusingartificialintelligenceinpermanentmagnetsynchronousmotors
AT rafaelmorales streamlinedbearingfaultdetectionusingartificialintelligenceinpermanentmagnetsynchronousmotors