Carbon and nitrogen management for climate-resilient agriculture: Toward the 4p1000 target and sustainable development goals
Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are crucial elements for supporting life on Earth, and are involved in two vital biological processes, namely photosynthesis and N fixation. While both elements are essential for food security, they also contribute to emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), namely CO2, N2O...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Soil Advances |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950289625000417 |
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| Summary: | Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are crucial elements for supporting life on Earth, and are involved in two vital biological processes, namely photosynthesis and N fixation. While both elements are essential for food security, they also contribute to emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), namely CO2, N2O and CH4. Most studies on soil C sequestration focus on C, but N is also a critical factor influencing both C sequestration and GHG emissions. This brief review explores a range of crop and grassland management practices, including no-till, cover cropping, biochar application, precision nutrient management, and agroforestry, with a focus on co-optimizing SOC sequestration and N efficiency. Global studies indicate that no-tillage practices can significantly enhance C sequestration and achieve notable reductions in GHG emissions compared to conventional practices. Emerging technologies like nano-fertilizers, nitrification inhibitors, and deep-rooted crop varieties are discussed with their contextual relevance. The role of C crediting is discussed, and its co-benefits are assessed in incentivizing sustainable practices. To meet the goals of Sustainable Development (SDGs) and the 4p1000 Initiative, we suggest C and N management be tailored to local settings, and follow a whole-system approach, ensuring that farmers and local communities are involved in decision-making. Building climate-resilient farming systems will depend on connecting environmental benefits with financial support and strong policies that help farmers adopt and sustain these practices. |
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| ISSN: | 2950-2896 |