Optimization of Deposition Parameters for Ni-P-WC-BN(h) Composite Coatings via Orthogonal Experimentation and Wear Behavior of the Optimized Coating
Ni–P–WC–BN(h) nanocomposite coatings were fabricated on 20CrMnTi substrates using ultrasonic-assisted pulsed electrodeposition. 20CrMnTi is a low-carbon steel that is commonly used in the manufacturing gears and shaft components. To enhance the wear resistance and extend the service life of such mec...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/7/714 |
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| author | Yingyue Li Zehao Liu Yana Li Jinran Lin |
| author_facet | Yingyue Li Zehao Liu Yana Li Jinran Lin |
| author_sort | Yingyue Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ni–P–WC–BN(h) nanocomposite coatings were fabricated on 20CrMnTi substrates using ultrasonic-assisted pulsed electrodeposition. 20CrMnTi is a low-carbon steel that is commonly used in the manufacturing gears and shaft components. To enhance the wear resistance and extend the service life of such mechanical parts, ultrasonic-assisted pulsed electrodeposition was employed as an effective surface modification technique. The microhardness, phase structure, surface morphology, and wear behavior of the coating were also characterized. An orthogonal experimental design was employed to examine the effects of current density, bath temperature, ultrasonic power, and pulse duty cycle on the microhardness and wear behavior of the coatings, aiming to optimize the deposition parameters. The optimal process combination was identified as a current density of 3 A·dm<sup>−2</sup>, a bath temperature of 55 °C, an ultrasonic power of 210 W, and a duty cycle of 0.7. Under these conditions, the coatings exhibited enhanced hardness and wear resistance. Based on the optimized parameters, additional tribological tests were conducted under various operating conditions to further evaluate wear performance. The results showed that the dominant wear mechanisms were chemical wear and adhesive wear. This study offers new insights into the fabrication of high-performance nanocomposite coatings and expands the application scope of ultrasonic-assisted pulsed electrodeposition in multiphase composite systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-613ae85a40764e9fb550c49a082cb685 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj-art-613ae85a40764e9fb550c49a082cb6852025-08-20T03:32:32ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012025-06-0115771410.3390/met15070714Optimization of Deposition Parameters for Ni-P-WC-BN(h) Composite Coatings via Orthogonal Experimentation and Wear Behavior of the Optimized CoatingYingyue Li0Zehao Liu1Yana Li2Jinran Lin3Faculty of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University (Binjiang Campus), Nanjing 211800, ChinaFaculty of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University (Binjiang Campus), Nanjing 211800, ChinaFaculty of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University (Binjiang Campus), Nanjing 211800, ChinaFaculty of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University (Binjiang Campus), Nanjing 211800, ChinaNi–P–WC–BN(h) nanocomposite coatings were fabricated on 20CrMnTi substrates using ultrasonic-assisted pulsed electrodeposition. 20CrMnTi is a low-carbon steel that is commonly used in the manufacturing gears and shaft components. To enhance the wear resistance and extend the service life of such mechanical parts, ultrasonic-assisted pulsed electrodeposition was employed as an effective surface modification technique. The microhardness, phase structure, surface morphology, and wear behavior of the coating were also characterized. An orthogonal experimental design was employed to examine the effects of current density, bath temperature, ultrasonic power, and pulse duty cycle on the microhardness and wear behavior of the coatings, aiming to optimize the deposition parameters. The optimal process combination was identified as a current density of 3 A·dm<sup>−2</sup>, a bath temperature of 55 °C, an ultrasonic power of 210 W, and a duty cycle of 0.7. Under these conditions, the coatings exhibited enhanced hardness and wear resistance. Based on the optimized parameters, additional tribological tests were conducted under various operating conditions to further evaluate wear performance. The results showed that the dominant wear mechanisms were chemical wear and adhesive wear. This study offers new insights into the fabrication of high-performance nanocomposite coatings and expands the application scope of ultrasonic-assisted pulsed electrodeposition in multiphase composite systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/7/714multi-composite coatingultrasonic pulsed electrodepositionprocess parameterswear behaviornanoparticles |
| spellingShingle | Yingyue Li Zehao Liu Yana Li Jinran Lin Optimization of Deposition Parameters for Ni-P-WC-BN(h) Composite Coatings via Orthogonal Experimentation and Wear Behavior of the Optimized Coating Metals multi-composite coating ultrasonic pulsed electrodeposition process parameters wear behavior nanoparticles |
| title | Optimization of Deposition Parameters for Ni-P-WC-BN(h) Composite Coatings via Orthogonal Experimentation and Wear Behavior of the Optimized Coating |
| title_full | Optimization of Deposition Parameters for Ni-P-WC-BN(h) Composite Coatings via Orthogonal Experimentation and Wear Behavior of the Optimized Coating |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of Deposition Parameters for Ni-P-WC-BN(h) Composite Coatings via Orthogonal Experimentation and Wear Behavior of the Optimized Coating |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of Deposition Parameters for Ni-P-WC-BN(h) Composite Coatings via Orthogonal Experimentation and Wear Behavior of the Optimized Coating |
| title_short | Optimization of Deposition Parameters for Ni-P-WC-BN(h) Composite Coatings via Orthogonal Experimentation and Wear Behavior of the Optimized Coating |
| title_sort | optimization of deposition parameters for ni p wc bn h composite coatings via orthogonal experimentation and wear behavior of the optimized coating |
| topic | multi-composite coating ultrasonic pulsed electrodeposition process parameters wear behavior nanoparticles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/7/714 |
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