Efficacy and validation of a clinical predictive model for chronic atrophic gastritis in patients: a multi-center retrospective analysis

BackgroundChronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a major digestive disorders, and prognosis is determined by many social-demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics. This study aimed to identify risk factors and construct a predictive model for better diagnosis of CAG.MethodsWe utilized a multi-c...

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Main Authors: Xiang Fang, Wenjing Ding, Xiaolong Xu, Hui Chen, Bei Pei, Yi Zhang, Biao Song, Xuejun Li, Li Yao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1570893/full
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author Xiang Fang
Wenjing Ding
Xiaolong Xu
Hui Chen
Bei Pei
Yi Zhang
Biao Song
Xuejun Li
Li Yao
author_facet Xiang Fang
Wenjing Ding
Xiaolong Xu
Hui Chen
Bei Pei
Yi Zhang
Biao Song
Xuejun Li
Li Yao
author_sort Xiang Fang
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundChronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a major digestive disorders, and prognosis is determined by many social-demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics. This study aimed to identify risk factors and construct a predictive model for better diagnosis of CAG.MethodsWe utilized a multi-center retrospective analysis, including 539 cases of CAG patients diagnosed and treated in Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from September 2018 to December 2024 as training dataset, and 230 clinical data diagnosed with CAG from Hefei Second People’s Hospital from April 2018 to November 2024 as validation dataset to establish the predictive model. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were employed to investigate the risk factors of CAG based on R software 4.4.1. After that, our predictive model was evaluated by nomogram, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for discrimination of the predictive model, calibration curves, Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test for uniformity between the predicted and actual probabilities and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves for clinical validity.ResultsOur multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that depression disorder, drinking consumption, family history of digestive disorders, HP infection, pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II and gastrin 17 were the independent risk factors of our predictive model. A nomogram of CAG was established. The ROC curve revealed that our predictive model showed the best predictive efficacy with an AUC of 0.827 (95%CI = 0.784–0.870), with a specificity of 0.838 and sensitivity of 0.705 in training dataset, and an AUC of 0.970 (95%CI = 0.945–0.995), with a specificity of 0.881 and sensitivity of 0.950 in the validation dataset. Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test showed that our predictive model had a good fit for the training dataset (X-squared = 3.8293, df = 8, p = 0.8722) and validation dataset (X-squared = 8.9753, df = 8, p = 0.3444). Moreover, calibration and DCA curves demonstrated that our predictive model had a good fit, better net benefit and predictive efficiency in patients with CAG.ConclusionOur predictive model demonstrated that depression disorder, drinking consumption, family history of digestive disorders, HP infection, pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II and gastrin 17 were the independent risk factors of CAG with high accuracy and good calibration.
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spelling doaj-art-613013175eee45ac90e63009158b17952025-08-20T02:09:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2025-06-011210.3389/fmed.2025.15708931570893Efficacy and validation of a clinical predictive model for chronic atrophic gastritis in patients: a multi-center retrospective analysisXiang Fang0Wenjing Ding1Xiaolong Xu2Hui Chen3Bei Pei4Yi Zhang5Biao Song6Xuejun Li7Li Yao8Intensive Care Unit, Hefei Second People’s Hospital, Hefei, ChinaThe Second Clinical Medical School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, ChinaThe Second Clinical Medical School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, ChinaThe Second Clinical Medical School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, ChinaThe Second Clinical Medical School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, ChinaThe Second Clinical Medical School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, ChinaIntensive Care Unit, Hefei Second People’s Hospital, Hefei, ChinaBackgroundChronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a major digestive disorders, and prognosis is determined by many social-demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics. This study aimed to identify risk factors and construct a predictive model for better diagnosis of CAG.MethodsWe utilized a multi-center retrospective analysis, including 539 cases of CAG patients diagnosed and treated in Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from September 2018 to December 2024 as training dataset, and 230 clinical data diagnosed with CAG from Hefei Second People’s Hospital from April 2018 to November 2024 as validation dataset to establish the predictive model. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were employed to investigate the risk factors of CAG based on R software 4.4.1. After that, our predictive model was evaluated by nomogram, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for discrimination of the predictive model, calibration curves, Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test for uniformity between the predicted and actual probabilities and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves for clinical validity.ResultsOur multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that depression disorder, drinking consumption, family history of digestive disorders, HP infection, pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II and gastrin 17 were the independent risk factors of our predictive model. A nomogram of CAG was established. The ROC curve revealed that our predictive model showed the best predictive efficacy with an AUC of 0.827 (95%CI = 0.784–0.870), with a specificity of 0.838 and sensitivity of 0.705 in training dataset, and an AUC of 0.970 (95%CI = 0.945–0.995), with a specificity of 0.881 and sensitivity of 0.950 in the validation dataset. Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test showed that our predictive model had a good fit for the training dataset (X-squared = 3.8293, df = 8, p = 0.8722) and validation dataset (X-squared = 8.9753, df = 8, p = 0.3444). Moreover, calibration and DCA curves demonstrated that our predictive model had a good fit, better net benefit and predictive efficiency in patients with CAG.ConclusionOur predictive model demonstrated that depression disorder, drinking consumption, family history of digestive disorders, HP infection, pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II and gastrin 17 were the independent risk factors of CAG with high accuracy and good calibration.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1570893/fullchronic atrophic gastritisrisk factorspredictive modelnomogrampatient
spellingShingle Xiang Fang
Wenjing Ding
Xiaolong Xu
Hui Chen
Bei Pei
Yi Zhang
Biao Song
Xuejun Li
Li Yao
Efficacy and validation of a clinical predictive model for chronic atrophic gastritis in patients: a multi-center retrospective analysis
Frontiers in Medicine
chronic atrophic gastritis
risk factors
predictive model
nomogram
patient
title Efficacy and validation of a clinical predictive model for chronic atrophic gastritis in patients: a multi-center retrospective analysis
title_full Efficacy and validation of a clinical predictive model for chronic atrophic gastritis in patients: a multi-center retrospective analysis
title_fullStr Efficacy and validation of a clinical predictive model for chronic atrophic gastritis in patients: a multi-center retrospective analysis
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy and validation of a clinical predictive model for chronic atrophic gastritis in patients: a multi-center retrospective analysis
title_short Efficacy and validation of a clinical predictive model for chronic atrophic gastritis in patients: a multi-center retrospective analysis
title_sort efficacy and validation of a clinical predictive model for chronic atrophic gastritis in patients a multi center retrospective analysis
topic chronic atrophic gastritis
risk factors
predictive model
nomogram
patient
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1570893/full
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