The Loss of English Directional Adverbs: An Empirical Study
Language as a constantly changing aspect of life experiences different changes that include, inter alia, vocabulary, grammar, sounds. Some of the words that were used in Old English are no longer in use. This paper deals with the loss of a number of directional adverbs that were vitally in use in O...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Arabic |
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Salahaddin University-Erbil
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Zanco Journal of Humanity Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://zancojournal.su.edu.krd/index.php/JAHS/article/view/3402 |
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| author | Nechirvan Hassan Jawzal Rozgar Yousif Omar |
| author_facet | Nechirvan Hassan Jawzal Rozgar Yousif Omar |
| author_sort | Nechirvan Hassan Jawzal |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Language as a constantly changing aspect of life experiences different changes that include, inter alia, vocabulary, grammar, sounds. Some of the words that were used in Old English are no longer in use. This paper deals with the loss of a number of directional adverbs that were vitally in use in Old English while disappeared in Present Day English (PDE). A group of seven adverbs were selected to serve as data for this research. Each adverb is examined separately in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), the Corpus of Historical American English (COHA), and Oxford English Dictionary (OED) to find their frequency, meaning, and the context of their usage within two centuries. The results showed that there was a prominent decline in the frequency of the given adverbs. Nevertheless, the frequency rates fluctuated through decades to reach an absolute disappearance in Present Day English. Due to the lack of the scholarly work on this issue, the reason behind the loss of these adverbs is remained unclear.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-612713e4e4fc4f2e87728cb3fc2c0a57 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2412-396X |
| language | Arabic |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Salahaddin University-Erbil |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Zanco Journal of Humanity Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-612713e4e4fc4f2e87728cb3fc2c0a572025-08-20T03:43:44ZaraSalahaddin University-ErbilZanco Journal of Humanity Sciences2412-396X2020-10-0124310.21271/zjhs.24.3.20The Loss of English Directional Adverbs: An Empirical StudyNechirvan Hassan Jawzal 0Rozgar Yousif Omar 1Department of English Language - Faculty of Humanities / University of Zakho Department of Mathematics – College of Science / Salahaddin University-Erbil Language as a constantly changing aspect of life experiences different changes that include, inter alia, vocabulary, grammar, sounds. Some of the words that were used in Old English are no longer in use. This paper deals with the loss of a number of directional adverbs that were vitally in use in Old English while disappeared in Present Day English (PDE). A group of seven adverbs were selected to serve as data for this research. Each adverb is examined separately in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), the Corpus of Historical American English (COHA), and Oxford English Dictionary (OED) to find their frequency, meaning, and the context of their usage within two centuries. The results showed that there was a prominent decline in the frequency of the given adverbs. Nevertheless, the frequency rates fluctuated through decades to reach an absolute disappearance in Present Day English. Due to the lack of the scholarly work on this issue, the reason behind the loss of these adverbs is remained unclear. https://zancojournal.su.edu.krd/index.php/JAHS/article/view/3402Frequency token, Historical Linguistics, COCA, COHA, Adverbs, Context. |
| spellingShingle | Nechirvan Hassan Jawzal Rozgar Yousif Omar The Loss of English Directional Adverbs: An Empirical Study Zanco Journal of Humanity Sciences Frequency token, Historical Linguistics, COCA, COHA, Adverbs, Context. |
| title | The Loss of English Directional Adverbs: An Empirical Study |
| title_full | The Loss of English Directional Adverbs: An Empirical Study |
| title_fullStr | The Loss of English Directional Adverbs: An Empirical Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Loss of English Directional Adverbs: An Empirical Study |
| title_short | The Loss of English Directional Adverbs: An Empirical Study |
| title_sort | loss of english directional adverbs an empirical study |
| topic | Frequency token, Historical Linguistics, COCA, COHA, Adverbs, Context. |
| url | https://zancojournal.su.edu.krd/index.php/JAHS/article/view/3402 |
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