Cardiac events and procedures following COVID-19 compared with other pneumonias: a national register study
Background Studies have shown an increased risk of cardiac disease following COVID-19, but how it compares to pneumonia of other etiologies is unclear.Aims To determine the incidence and HRs of cardiac disease in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 compared with other viral or bacterial pneumonias.M...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Open Heart |
| Online Access: | https://openheart.bmj.com/content/12/1/e002914.full |
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| author | Knut Stavem Peder Langeland Myhre Kristian Berge Tarjei Øvrebotten Birgitte Tholin |
| author_facet | Knut Stavem Peder Langeland Myhre Kristian Berge Tarjei Øvrebotten Birgitte Tholin |
| author_sort | Knut Stavem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Studies have shown an increased risk of cardiac disease following COVID-19, but how it compares to pneumonia of other etiologies is unclear.Aims To determine the incidence and HRs of cardiac disease in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 compared with other viral or bacterial pneumonias.Methods Using nationwide registry data, we estimated the incidence of cardiac events after hospitalisation with COVID-19 (n=2082) in February to November 2020 vs hospitalisation with viral (n=9018) or bacterial (n=29 339) pneumonia in 2018–2019. We defined outcomes using ICD-10 codes for incident myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation/flutter, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, other cardiac disease and total cardiac disease (any heart condition). We used Cox regression and logistic regression for analysis.Results Patients with COVID-19 had a mean (SD) age of 60 (18) years, compared with 69 (19) years for viral and 72 (17) years for bacterial pneumonia. Those with COVID-19 were more often male and had fewer comorbidities and fewer prior hospitalisations. Patients with COVID-19 had a lower hazard of new-onset cardiac disease compared with viral (HR 0.79 [95%CI 0.66 to 0.93]) and bacterial pneumonia (HR 0.66 [95%CI 0.57 to 0.78]), adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, hospital admission prior year and respiratory support. Results were similar when including recurrent events.Conclusion Patients hospitalised with COVID-19 had a lower hazard of new-onset cardiac disease during the first 9 months after hospitalisation compared with patients with other viral or bacterial pneumonias after adjusting for multiple possible confounders. However, there may still be residual confounding from other or unknown factors. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-609c1f476c584c0cad49783a23da5b53 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2053-3624 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Heart |
| spelling | doaj-art-609c1f476c584c0cad49783a23da5b532025-02-05T03:30:08ZengBMJ Publishing GroupOpen Heart2053-36242025-02-0112110.1136/openhrt-2024-002914Cardiac events and procedures following COVID-19 compared with other pneumonias: a national register studyKnut Stavem0Peder Langeland Myhre1Kristian Berge2Tarjei Øvrebotten3Birgitte Tholin42 University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway1 Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway1 Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway1 Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway2 University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayBackground Studies have shown an increased risk of cardiac disease following COVID-19, but how it compares to pneumonia of other etiologies is unclear.Aims To determine the incidence and HRs of cardiac disease in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 compared with other viral or bacterial pneumonias.Methods Using nationwide registry data, we estimated the incidence of cardiac events after hospitalisation with COVID-19 (n=2082) in February to November 2020 vs hospitalisation with viral (n=9018) or bacterial (n=29 339) pneumonia in 2018–2019. We defined outcomes using ICD-10 codes for incident myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation/flutter, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, other cardiac disease and total cardiac disease (any heart condition). We used Cox regression and logistic regression for analysis.Results Patients with COVID-19 had a mean (SD) age of 60 (18) years, compared with 69 (19) years for viral and 72 (17) years for bacterial pneumonia. Those with COVID-19 were more often male and had fewer comorbidities and fewer prior hospitalisations. Patients with COVID-19 had a lower hazard of new-onset cardiac disease compared with viral (HR 0.79 [95%CI 0.66 to 0.93]) and bacterial pneumonia (HR 0.66 [95%CI 0.57 to 0.78]), adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, hospital admission prior year and respiratory support. Results were similar when including recurrent events.Conclusion Patients hospitalised with COVID-19 had a lower hazard of new-onset cardiac disease during the first 9 months after hospitalisation compared with patients with other viral or bacterial pneumonias after adjusting for multiple possible confounders. However, there may still be residual confounding from other or unknown factors.https://openheart.bmj.com/content/12/1/e002914.full |
| spellingShingle | Knut Stavem Peder Langeland Myhre Kristian Berge Tarjei Øvrebotten Birgitte Tholin Cardiac events and procedures following COVID-19 compared with other pneumonias: a national register study Open Heart |
| title | Cardiac events and procedures following COVID-19 compared with other pneumonias: a national register study |
| title_full | Cardiac events and procedures following COVID-19 compared with other pneumonias: a national register study |
| title_fullStr | Cardiac events and procedures following COVID-19 compared with other pneumonias: a national register study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiac events and procedures following COVID-19 compared with other pneumonias: a national register study |
| title_short | Cardiac events and procedures following COVID-19 compared with other pneumonias: a national register study |
| title_sort | cardiac events and procedures following covid 19 compared with other pneumonias a national register study |
| url | https://openheart.bmj.com/content/12/1/e002914.full |
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