Hybrid biochar-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composite photocatalyst: a facile strategy for enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP)
Amongst the diversity of pharmaceutical micropollutant degradation methods and to counter the possible hazards posed by these micropollutants economically and sustainably, a new approach of wastewater treatment involving advanced oxidation process (AOP) like photocatalysis offers a viable and econom...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Materials Research Express |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/adb9bc |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850253308162211840 |
|---|---|
| author | Ijlal Idrees Muhammad Zafar Malik Adeel Umer Amna Mir Fahad Rehman Abrar Faisal Abdul Razzaq Woo Young Kim |
| author_facet | Ijlal Idrees Muhammad Zafar Malik Adeel Umer Amna Mir Fahad Rehman Abrar Faisal Abdul Razzaq Woo Young Kim |
| author_sort | Ijlal Idrees |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Amongst the diversity of pharmaceutical micropollutant degradation methods and to counter the possible hazards posed by these micropollutants economically and sustainably, a new approach of wastewater treatment involving advanced oxidation process (AOP) like photocatalysis offers a viable and economical treatment of micropollutants in wastewater. Amongst a variety of photocatalysts, the one that emerged as the most economical, abstemiously thermally stable, innocuous, and resourceful semiconductor photocatalyst is graphitic carbon nitride (GCN). Hence, bearing in mind these aspects together with the simplistic preparation approach and visible light absorption of GCN, a composite of GCN with Biochar (BC) is prepared in this contemporary research work aiming towards enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) through improved visible light absorption and good photoexcited electron–hole separation. The enhancement in the photocatalytic activity of GCN is achieved by changing the quantity of BC. This alteration in BC content led to the creation of an optimum sample with the best degradation efficiency towards CIP. The superlative removal efficiency with 75% removal of CIP was exhibited by the 0.22-BGCN sample whose removal efficiency was noted to be 3.5 times higher than GCN (21%). These results point towards the success of composite formation of GCN with BC due to enhanced photocatalytic activity observed in the results and prove the creation of a visible light active (VLA) photocatalyst for efficient removal of pharmaceutical micropollutants like CIP from wastewater. Many different methods are employed to study the physiochemical, textural, and optical properties of the prepared material which include Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV Visible absorption, and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-609635fe08a4459ebbe591e73eae30b7 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2053-1591 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Research Express |
| spelling | doaj-art-609635fe08a4459ebbe591e73eae30b72025-08-20T01:57:25ZengIOP PublishingMaterials Research Express2053-15912025-01-0112303550310.1088/2053-1591/adb9bcHybrid biochar-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composite photocatalyst: a facile strategy for enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP)Ijlal Idrees0Muhammad Zafar1Malik Adeel Umer2Amna Mir3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0765-5961Fahad Rehman4Abrar Faisal5Abdul Razzaq6Woo Young Kim7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2747-6618Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad , Lahore 54000, PakistanInstitute of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of the Punjab , Lahore 54590, PakistanSchool of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) , H-12, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad , Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad , Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad , Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad , Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Energy System, Jeju National University , Jeju-si 63243, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Republic of KoreaAmongst the diversity of pharmaceutical micropollutant degradation methods and to counter the possible hazards posed by these micropollutants economically and sustainably, a new approach of wastewater treatment involving advanced oxidation process (AOP) like photocatalysis offers a viable and economical treatment of micropollutants in wastewater. Amongst a variety of photocatalysts, the one that emerged as the most economical, abstemiously thermally stable, innocuous, and resourceful semiconductor photocatalyst is graphitic carbon nitride (GCN). Hence, bearing in mind these aspects together with the simplistic preparation approach and visible light absorption of GCN, a composite of GCN with Biochar (BC) is prepared in this contemporary research work aiming towards enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) through improved visible light absorption and good photoexcited electron–hole separation. The enhancement in the photocatalytic activity of GCN is achieved by changing the quantity of BC. This alteration in BC content led to the creation of an optimum sample with the best degradation efficiency towards CIP. The superlative removal efficiency with 75% removal of CIP was exhibited by the 0.22-BGCN sample whose removal efficiency was noted to be 3.5 times higher than GCN (21%). These results point towards the success of composite formation of GCN with BC due to enhanced photocatalytic activity observed in the results and prove the creation of a visible light active (VLA) photocatalyst for efficient removal of pharmaceutical micropollutants like CIP from wastewater. Many different methods are employed to study the physiochemical, textural, and optical properties of the prepared material which include Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV Visible absorption, and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy.https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/adb9bccomposite photocatalystbiochargraphitic carbon nitride (GCN)visible light activityCiprofloxacin (CIP)degradation |
| spellingShingle | Ijlal Idrees Muhammad Zafar Malik Adeel Umer Amna Mir Fahad Rehman Abrar Faisal Abdul Razzaq Woo Young Kim Hybrid biochar-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composite photocatalyst: a facile strategy for enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) Materials Research Express composite photocatalyst biochar graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) visible light activity Ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation |
| title | Hybrid biochar-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composite photocatalyst: a facile strategy for enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) |
| title_full | Hybrid biochar-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composite photocatalyst: a facile strategy for enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) |
| title_fullStr | Hybrid biochar-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composite photocatalyst: a facile strategy for enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hybrid biochar-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composite photocatalyst: a facile strategy for enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) |
| title_short | Hybrid biochar-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composite photocatalyst: a facile strategy for enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) |
| title_sort | hybrid biochar graphitic carbon nitride g c3n4 composite photocatalyst a facile strategy for enhanced degradation of ciprofloxacin cip |
| topic | composite photocatalyst biochar graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) visible light activity Ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/adb9bc |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ijlalidrees hybridbiochargraphiticcarbonnitridegc3n4compositephotocatalystafacilestrategyforenhanceddegradationofciprofloxacincip AT muhammadzafar hybridbiochargraphiticcarbonnitridegc3n4compositephotocatalystafacilestrategyforenhanceddegradationofciprofloxacincip AT malikadeelumer hybridbiochargraphiticcarbonnitridegc3n4compositephotocatalystafacilestrategyforenhanceddegradationofciprofloxacincip AT amnamir hybridbiochargraphiticcarbonnitridegc3n4compositephotocatalystafacilestrategyforenhanceddegradationofciprofloxacincip AT fahadrehman hybridbiochargraphiticcarbonnitridegc3n4compositephotocatalystafacilestrategyforenhanceddegradationofciprofloxacincip AT abrarfaisal hybridbiochargraphiticcarbonnitridegc3n4compositephotocatalystafacilestrategyforenhanceddegradationofciprofloxacincip AT abdulrazzaq hybridbiochargraphiticcarbonnitridegc3n4compositephotocatalystafacilestrategyforenhanceddegradationofciprofloxacincip AT wooyoungkim hybridbiochargraphiticcarbonnitridegc3n4compositephotocatalystafacilestrategyforenhanceddegradationofciprofloxacincip |