Thermal, Morphological, and Biodegradability Properties of Bioplastic Fertilizer Composites Made of Oil Palm Biomass, Fertilizer, and Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)

Slow-release bioplastic fertilizer (BpF) composites were developed by processing oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), fertilizer, and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBv) using extrusion techniques with controlled formulation and temperature. The temperature was kept at 150°C for 3 to 5 min during...

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Main Authors: A. S. Harmaen, A. Khalina, H. Mohd Ali, I. Nor Azowa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2016-01-01
Series:International Journal of Polymer Science
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3230109
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author A. S. Harmaen
A. Khalina
H. Mohd Ali
I. Nor Azowa
author_facet A. S. Harmaen
A. Khalina
H. Mohd Ali
I. Nor Azowa
author_sort A. S. Harmaen
collection DOAJ
description Slow-release bioplastic fertilizer (BpF) composites were developed by processing oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), fertilizer, and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBv) using extrusion techniques with controlled formulation and temperature. The temperature was kept at 150°C for 3 to 5 min during processing using twin-screw extruder. The PHBv lost weight gradually with the increasing temperature and its thermal degradation occurred initially at 263.4°C and reached the maximum at 300.7°C. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the bonding of all composites created small gaps between matrices polymer and fiber because the hydrophilic characteristic of EFB fibers weakened the interfacial bonding. PHBv/EFB/NPKC2 showed faster biodegradation over PHBv/NPKC1 and PHBv/NPKC2, which was 99.35% compared to 68.66% and 90.28%, respectively.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1687-9422
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language English
publishDate 2016-01-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series International Journal of Polymer Science
spelling doaj-art-6073c837164e4d32bc8d2e34a35a7a392025-08-20T03:34:48ZengWileyInternational Journal of Polymer Science1687-94221687-94302016-01-01201610.1155/2016/32301093230109Thermal, Morphological, and Biodegradability Properties of Bioplastic Fertilizer Composites Made of Oil Palm Biomass, Fertilizer, and Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)A. S. Harmaen0A. Khalina1H. Mohd Ali2I. Nor Azowa3Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, MalaysiaSlow-release bioplastic fertilizer (BpF) composites were developed by processing oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), fertilizer, and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) (PHBv) using extrusion techniques with controlled formulation and temperature. The temperature was kept at 150°C for 3 to 5 min during processing using twin-screw extruder. The PHBv lost weight gradually with the increasing temperature and its thermal degradation occurred initially at 263.4°C and reached the maximum at 300.7°C. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the bonding of all composites created small gaps between matrices polymer and fiber because the hydrophilic characteristic of EFB fibers weakened the interfacial bonding. PHBv/EFB/NPKC2 showed faster biodegradation over PHBv/NPKC1 and PHBv/NPKC2, which was 99.35% compared to 68.66% and 90.28%, respectively.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3230109
spellingShingle A. S. Harmaen
A. Khalina
H. Mohd Ali
I. Nor Azowa
Thermal, Morphological, and Biodegradability Properties of Bioplastic Fertilizer Composites Made of Oil Palm Biomass, Fertilizer, and Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)
International Journal of Polymer Science
title Thermal, Morphological, and Biodegradability Properties of Bioplastic Fertilizer Composites Made of Oil Palm Biomass, Fertilizer, and Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)
title_full Thermal, Morphological, and Biodegradability Properties of Bioplastic Fertilizer Composites Made of Oil Palm Biomass, Fertilizer, and Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)
title_fullStr Thermal, Morphological, and Biodegradability Properties of Bioplastic Fertilizer Composites Made of Oil Palm Biomass, Fertilizer, and Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)
title_full_unstemmed Thermal, Morphological, and Biodegradability Properties of Bioplastic Fertilizer Composites Made of Oil Palm Biomass, Fertilizer, and Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)
title_short Thermal, Morphological, and Biodegradability Properties of Bioplastic Fertilizer Composites Made of Oil Palm Biomass, Fertilizer, and Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate)
title_sort thermal morphological and biodegradability properties of bioplastic fertilizer composites made of oil palm biomass fertilizer and poly hydroxybutyrate co valerate
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3230109
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