The treatment of breast cancer in the era of precision medicine

The management of breast cancer, one of the most common and heterogeneous malignancies, has transformed with the advent of precision medicine. This review explores current developments in genetic profiling, molecular diagnostics, and targeted therapies that have revolutionized breast cancer treatmen...

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Main Authors: Jingwen Bai, Yiyang Gao, Guojun Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: China Anti-Cancer Association 2025-04-01
Series:Cancer Biology & Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/22/4/322
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author Jingwen Bai
Yiyang Gao
Guojun Zhang
author_facet Jingwen Bai
Yiyang Gao
Guojun Zhang
author_sort Jingwen Bai
collection DOAJ
description The management of breast cancer, one of the most common and heterogeneous malignancies, has transformed with the advent of precision medicine. This review explores current developments in genetic profiling, molecular diagnostics, and targeted therapies that have revolutionized breast cancer treatment. Key innovations, such as cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have improved outcomes for hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-positive (HER2+), and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes remarkably. Additionally, emerging treatments, such as PI3K inhibitors, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, and mRNA-based therapies, offer new avenues for targeting specific genetic mutations and improving treatment response, particularly in difficult-to-treat breast cancer subtypes. The integration of liquid biopsy technologies provides a non-invasive approach for real-time monitoring of tumor evolution and treatment response, thus enabling dynamic adjustments to therapy. Molecular imaging and artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly crucial in enhancing diagnostic precision, personalizing treatment plans, and predicting therapeutic outcomes. As precision medicine continues to evolve, it has the potential to significantly improve survival rates, decrease recurrence, and enhance quality of life for patients with breast cancer. By combining cutting-edge diagnostics, personalized therapies, and emerging treatments, precision medicine can transform breast cancer care by offering more effective, individualized, and less invasive treatment options.
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spelling doaj-art-60604dc5b9d24c7ba63cece9c86e0de52025-08-20T02:19:58ZengChina Anti-Cancer AssociationCancer Biology & Medicine2095-39412025-04-0122432234710.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0510The treatment of breast cancer in the era of precision medicineJingwen Bai0Yiyang Gao1Guojun Zhang2The Breast Center of Yunnan Cancer Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming 650118, ChinaFujian Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Breast Cancer, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, ChinaThe Breast Center of Yunnan Cancer Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming 650118, ChinaThe management of breast cancer, one of the most common and heterogeneous malignancies, has transformed with the advent of precision medicine. This review explores current developments in genetic profiling, molecular diagnostics, and targeted therapies that have revolutionized breast cancer treatment. Key innovations, such as cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have improved outcomes for hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-positive (HER2+), and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes remarkably. Additionally, emerging treatments, such as PI3K inhibitors, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, and mRNA-based therapies, offer new avenues for targeting specific genetic mutations and improving treatment response, particularly in difficult-to-treat breast cancer subtypes. The integration of liquid biopsy technologies provides a non-invasive approach for real-time monitoring of tumor evolution and treatment response, thus enabling dynamic adjustments to therapy. Molecular imaging and artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly crucial in enhancing diagnostic precision, personalizing treatment plans, and predicting therapeutic outcomes. As precision medicine continues to evolve, it has the potential to significantly improve survival rates, decrease recurrence, and enhance quality of life for patients with breast cancer. By combining cutting-edge diagnostics, personalized therapies, and emerging treatments, precision medicine can transform breast cancer care by offering more effective, individualized, and less invasive treatment options.https://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/22/4/322breast cancerprecision medicinediagnostic precisionpersonalized therapy
spellingShingle Jingwen Bai
Yiyang Gao
Guojun Zhang
The treatment of breast cancer in the era of precision medicine
Cancer Biology & Medicine
breast cancer
precision medicine
diagnostic precision
personalized therapy
title The treatment of breast cancer in the era of precision medicine
title_full The treatment of breast cancer in the era of precision medicine
title_fullStr The treatment of breast cancer in the era of precision medicine
title_full_unstemmed The treatment of breast cancer in the era of precision medicine
title_short The treatment of breast cancer in the era of precision medicine
title_sort treatment of breast cancer in the era of precision medicine
topic breast cancer
precision medicine
diagnostic precision
personalized therapy
url https://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/22/4/322
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