Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady states
Abstract We examine the concept of temperature in non-equilibrium steady states. Using the D3-D5 model of gauge/gravity duality, we investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking in a relativistic (2 + 1)-dimensional defect moving at constant velocity within a (3 + 1)-dimensional heat bath. We find that...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of High Energy Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2025)069 |
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| _version_ | 1849388000206651392 |
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| author | Shin Nakamura Fuminori Okabayashi |
| author_facet | Shin Nakamura Fuminori Okabayashi |
| author_sort | Shin Nakamura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We examine the concept of temperature in non-equilibrium steady states. Using the D3-D5 model of gauge/gravity duality, we investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking in a relativistic (2 + 1)-dimensional defect moving at constant velocity within a (3 + 1)-dimensional heat bath. We find that the dependence of the order parameter on both the heat bath temperature and the defect velocity can be captured by a single variable — the proper effective temperature — for the moving defect. Our results suggest that the proper effective temperature is an essential parameter for a class of relativistic non-equilibrium steady states. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-60421cdbfa8447bfbc966470dc3886e8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1029-8479 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of High Energy Physics |
| spelling | doaj-art-60421cdbfa8447bfbc966470dc3886e82025-08-20T03:42:26ZengSpringerOpenJournal of High Energy Physics1029-84792025-08-012025811510.1007/JHEP08(2025)069Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady statesShin Nakamura0Fuminori Okabayashi1Department of Physics, Chuo UniversityDepartment of Physics, Chuo UniversityAbstract We examine the concept of temperature in non-equilibrium steady states. Using the D3-D5 model of gauge/gravity duality, we investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking in a relativistic (2 + 1)-dimensional defect moving at constant velocity within a (3 + 1)-dimensional heat bath. We find that the dependence of the order parameter on both the heat bath temperature and the defect velocity can be captured by a single variable — the proper effective temperature — for the moving defect. Our results suggest that the proper effective temperature is an essential parameter for a class of relativistic non-equilibrium steady states.https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2025)069Holography and Condensed Matter Physics (AdS/CMT)AdS-CFT CorrespondenceGauge-Gravity Correspondence |
| spellingShingle | Shin Nakamura Fuminori Okabayashi Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady states Journal of High Energy Physics Holography and Condensed Matter Physics (AdS/CMT) AdS-CFT Correspondence Gauge-Gravity Correspondence |
| title | Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady states |
| title_full | Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady states |
| title_fullStr | Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady states |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady states |
| title_short | Proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non-equilibrium steady states |
| title_sort | proper effective temperature and order parameters in relativistic non equilibrium steady states |
| topic | Holography and Condensed Matter Physics (AdS/CMT) AdS-CFT Correspondence Gauge-Gravity Correspondence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2025)069 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shinnakamura propereffectivetemperatureandorderparametersinrelativisticnonequilibriumsteadystates AT fuminoriokabayashi propereffectivetemperatureandorderparametersinrelativisticnonequilibriumsteadystates |