Measuring early care and education quality in Peru: Validation of the CLASS toddler

Demand for Early Care and Education (ECE) services for children under three has increased in many Majority World countries, but research on how to measure ECE quality in these contexts is limited. This study investigated the measurement properties of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System Toddler v...

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Main Author: Marta Dormal
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-12-01
Series:International Journal of Educational Research Open
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666374025000536
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author Marta Dormal
author_facet Marta Dormal
author_sort Marta Dormal
collection DOAJ
description Demand for Early Care and Education (ECE) services for children under three has increased in many Majority World countries, but research on how to measure ECE quality in these contexts is limited. This study investigated the measurement properties of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System Toddler version (CLASS-T) in its first application to Peru’s national ECE program for children under three, using data on 582 classrooms and educators and 2,198 children. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the measure’s original framework had acceptable model fit with minor adjustments. Statistically significant (but small) positive associations between the CLASS-T domains were found with educators’ years of education and with children’s cognitive and fine motor skills, but not communication skills. Taken together, these findings showed that the CLASS-T may provide an appropriate option for measuring emotional and instructional support domains of toddler and infant ECE quality in a Peruvian sample. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
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spelling doaj-art-6025dd562a3e4abfb1365dfb8f4454032025-08-20T03:46:49ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Educational Research Open2666-37402025-12-01910048810.1016/j.ijedro.2025.100488Measuring early care and education quality in Peru: Validation of the CLASS toddlerMarta Dormal0Harvard Graduate School of Education, 13 Appian Way, Cambridge, MA 02138, USADemand for Early Care and Education (ECE) services for children under three has increased in many Majority World countries, but research on how to measure ECE quality in these contexts is limited. This study investigated the measurement properties of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System Toddler version (CLASS-T) in its first application to Peru’s national ECE program for children under three, using data on 582 classrooms and educators and 2,198 children. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the measure’s original framework had acceptable model fit with minor adjustments. Statistically significant (but small) positive associations between the CLASS-T domains were found with educators’ years of education and with children’s cognitive and fine motor skills, but not communication skills. Taken together, these findings showed that the CLASS-T may provide an appropriate option for measuring emotional and instructional support domains of toddler and infant ECE quality in a Peruvian sample. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666374025000536QualityMonitoringEarly educationPsychometricsMajority worldCLASS
spellingShingle Marta Dormal
Measuring early care and education quality in Peru: Validation of the CLASS toddler
International Journal of Educational Research Open
Quality
Monitoring
Early education
Psychometrics
Majority world
CLASS
title Measuring early care and education quality in Peru: Validation of the CLASS toddler
title_full Measuring early care and education quality in Peru: Validation of the CLASS toddler
title_fullStr Measuring early care and education quality in Peru: Validation of the CLASS toddler
title_full_unstemmed Measuring early care and education quality in Peru: Validation of the CLASS toddler
title_short Measuring early care and education quality in Peru: Validation of the CLASS toddler
title_sort measuring early care and education quality in peru validation of the class toddler
topic Quality
Monitoring
Early education
Psychometrics
Majority world
CLASS
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666374025000536
work_keys_str_mv AT martadormal measuringearlycareandeducationqualityinperuvalidationoftheclasstoddler