A new understanding on the electrochemical coloration mechanism of titanium surface
Electrochemical coloration technology has been extensively studied for many years due to its effectiveness in enhancing the aesthetics, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility of Ti materials. However, the underlying coloration mechanism has not been systematically investigated and verified. Our...
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425004636 |
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| author | Tengfei Yu Yanpeng Xue Man Zheng Benli Luan |
| author_facet | Tengfei Yu Yanpeng Xue Man Zheng Benli Luan |
| author_sort | Tengfei Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electrochemical coloration technology has been extensively studied for many years due to its effectiveness in enhancing the aesthetics, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility of Ti materials. However, the underlying coloration mechanism has not been systematically investigated and verified. Our new finding based on spectrophotometer characterization reveals that the color of oxide film is determined by the diffuse reflection light. The coloration mechanism, attributed to the selective absorption of visible light by the TiOx semiconductor film, is therefore proposed and confirmed. This absorption originates from electron transitions from the impurity levels to the conduction band. Oxide films of various colors exhibit particular absorption peaks, along with specific flat band potentials and charge carrier densities. The energy differences between the conduction band minimum and the Fermi level (EC-EF) of oxide films with orange, red, blue, and green colors are 1.77 eV, 1.50 eV, 1.25 eV, and 0.76 eV, respectively, corresponding to the redshift of their visible light absorption peaks. This new discovery provides a new understanding of Ti coloration mechanism and promotes the development of related processes and potential applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-600d2eaddb5c454ea685393b047d8978 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-600d2eaddb5c454ea685393b047d89782025-08-20T02:11:09ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-03-01355770578110.1016/j.jmrt.2025.02.216A new understanding on the electrochemical coloration mechanism of titanium surfaceTengfei Yu0Yanpeng Xue1Man Zheng2Benli Luan3National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083, Beijing, PR ChinaNational Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083, Beijing, PR China; Corresponding author.National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083, Beijing, PR ChinaEastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, PR China; Department of Chemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada; Corresponding author. Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, PR China.Electrochemical coloration technology has been extensively studied for many years due to its effectiveness in enhancing the aesthetics, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility of Ti materials. However, the underlying coloration mechanism has not been systematically investigated and verified. Our new finding based on spectrophotometer characterization reveals that the color of oxide film is determined by the diffuse reflection light. The coloration mechanism, attributed to the selective absorption of visible light by the TiOx semiconductor film, is therefore proposed and confirmed. This absorption originates from electron transitions from the impurity levels to the conduction band. Oxide films of various colors exhibit particular absorption peaks, along with specific flat band potentials and charge carrier densities. The energy differences between the conduction band minimum and the Fermi level (EC-EF) of oxide films with orange, red, blue, and green colors are 1.77 eV, 1.50 eV, 1.25 eV, and 0.76 eV, respectively, corresponding to the redshift of their visible light absorption peaks. This new discovery provides a new understanding of Ti coloration mechanism and promotes the development of related processes and potential applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425004636TitaniumAC polarizationSurface modificationOxide filmColoration mechanismSemiconductor |
| spellingShingle | Tengfei Yu Yanpeng Xue Man Zheng Benli Luan A new understanding on the electrochemical coloration mechanism of titanium surface Journal of Materials Research and Technology Titanium AC polarization Surface modification Oxide film Coloration mechanism Semiconductor |
| title | A new understanding on the electrochemical coloration mechanism of titanium surface |
| title_full | A new understanding on the electrochemical coloration mechanism of titanium surface |
| title_fullStr | A new understanding on the electrochemical coloration mechanism of titanium surface |
| title_full_unstemmed | A new understanding on the electrochemical coloration mechanism of titanium surface |
| title_short | A new understanding on the electrochemical coloration mechanism of titanium surface |
| title_sort | new understanding on the electrochemical coloration mechanism of titanium surface |
| topic | Titanium AC polarization Surface modification Oxide film Coloration mechanism Semiconductor |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425004636 |
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