Integrating Radiant Cooling Ceilings with Ternary PCM Thermal Storage: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Energy Efficiency in Photovoltaic-Powered Buildings

Traditional photovoltaic-powered forced air-cooling systems face significant challenges in balancing energy efficiency and thermal comfort due to temperature sensitivity, mechanical ventilation energy consumption, and spatial constraints. This study aims to enhance building energy efficiency by inte...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhuoyi Ling, Tianhong Zheng, Qinghua Lv, Yuehong Su, Hui Lv, Saffa Riffat
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2237
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850155893009678336
author Zhuoyi Ling
Tianhong Zheng
Qinghua Lv
Yuehong Su
Hui Lv
Saffa Riffat
author_facet Zhuoyi Ling
Tianhong Zheng
Qinghua Lv
Yuehong Su
Hui Lv
Saffa Riffat
author_sort Zhuoyi Ling
collection DOAJ
description Traditional photovoltaic-powered forced air-cooling systems face significant challenges in balancing energy efficiency and thermal comfort due to temperature sensitivity, mechanical ventilation energy consumption, and spatial constraints. This study aims to enhance building energy efficiency by integrating a radiant cooling ceiling (RCC) with a phase change material (PCM) thermal storage system, addressing the limitations of traditional photovoltaic-powered cooling systems through optimized material design and dynamic energy management. A ternary PCM mixture (glycerol–alcohol–water) was optimized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), demonstrating superior latent heat storage (361.66 J/g) and phase transition temperature (1.91 °C) in the selected “Slushy Ice” formulation. A 3D transient thermal model and experimental validation revealed that the RCC system achieved 57% energy savings under quasi-steady operation, with radiative heat transfer contributing 55% of total cooling capacity. The system dynamically stores cold energy during peak photovoltaic generation and releases it via RCC during low-power periods, resolving the “cooling energy consumption paradox”. Key challenges, including PCM cycling stability and thermal response time mismatches, were identified, with future research directions emphasizing multi-scale simulations and intelligent encapsulation. This work provides a viable pathway for improving building energy efficiency while maintaining thermal comfort and for improving building energy efficiency in temperate zones, with future extensions to arid and tropical climates requiring targeted material and system optimizations.
format Article
id doaj-art-5ff482b6f0f947a3ace403d501486947
institution OA Journals
issn 1996-1073
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Energies
spelling doaj-art-5ff482b6f0f947a3ace403d5014869472025-08-20T02:24:45ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-04-01189223710.3390/en18092237Integrating Radiant Cooling Ceilings with Ternary PCM Thermal Storage: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Energy Efficiency in Photovoltaic-Powered BuildingsZhuoyi Ling0Tianhong Zheng1Qinghua Lv2Yuehong Su3Hui Lv4Saffa Riffat5School of Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, ChinaDepartment of Architecture & Built Environment, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKSchool of Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, ChinaDepartment of Architecture & Built Environment, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKSchool of Science, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, ChinaDepartment of Architecture & Built Environment, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UKTraditional photovoltaic-powered forced air-cooling systems face significant challenges in balancing energy efficiency and thermal comfort due to temperature sensitivity, mechanical ventilation energy consumption, and spatial constraints. This study aims to enhance building energy efficiency by integrating a radiant cooling ceiling (RCC) with a phase change material (PCM) thermal storage system, addressing the limitations of traditional photovoltaic-powered cooling systems through optimized material design and dynamic energy management. A ternary PCM mixture (glycerol–alcohol–water) was optimized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), demonstrating superior latent heat storage (361.66 J/g) and phase transition temperature (1.91 °C) in the selected “Slushy Ice” formulation. A 3D transient thermal model and experimental validation revealed that the RCC system achieved 57% energy savings under quasi-steady operation, with radiative heat transfer contributing 55% of total cooling capacity. The system dynamically stores cold energy during peak photovoltaic generation and releases it via RCC during low-power periods, resolving the “cooling energy consumption paradox”. Key challenges, including PCM cycling stability and thermal response time mismatches, were identified, with future research directions emphasizing multi-scale simulations and intelligent encapsulation. This work provides a viable pathway for improving building energy efficiency while maintaining thermal comfort and for improving building energy efficiency in temperate zones, with future extensions to arid and tropical climates requiring targeted material and system optimizations.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2237radiant cooling ceilingphase change materialslatent heat storageconvective–radiative couplingscale-up feasibility
spellingShingle Zhuoyi Ling
Tianhong Zheng
Qinghua Lv
Yuehong Su
Hui Lv
Saffa Riffat
Integrating Radiant Cooling Ceilings with Ternary PCM Thermal Storage: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Energy Efficiency in Photovoltaic-Powered Buildings
Energies
radiant cooling ceiling
phase change materials
latent heat storage
convective–radiative coupling
scale-up feasibility
title Integrating Radiant Cooling Ceilings with Ternary PCM Thermal Storage: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Energy Efficiency in Photovoltaic-Powered Buildings
title_full Integrating Radiant Cooling Ceilings with Ternary PCM Thermal Storage: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Energy Efficiency in Photovoltaic-Powered Buildings
title_fullStr Integrating Radiant Cooling Ceilings with Ternary PCM Thermal Storage: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Energy Efficiency in Photovoltaic-Powered Buildings
title_full_unstemmed Integrating Radiant Cooling Ceilings with Ternary PCM Thermal Storage: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Energy Efficiency in Photovoltaic-Powered Buildings
title_short Integrating Radiant Cooling Ceilings with Ternary PCM Thermal Storage: A Synergistic Approach for Enhanced Energy Efficiency in Photovoltaic-Powered Buildings
title_sort integrating radiant cooling ceilings with ternary pcm thermal storage a synergistic approach for enhanced energy efficiency in photovoltaic powered buildings
topic radiant cooling ceiling
phase change materials
latent heat storage
convective–radiative coupling
scale-up feasibility
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/9/2237
work_keys_str_mv AT zhuoyiling integratingradiantcoolingceilingswithternarypcmthermalstorageasynergisticapproachforenhancedenergyefficiencyinphotovoltaicpoweredbuildings
AT tianhongzheng integratingradiantcoolingceilingswithternarypcmthermalstorageasynergisticapproachforenhancedenergyefficiencyinphotovoltaicpoweredbuildings
AT qinghualv integratingradiantcoolingceilingswithternarypcmthermalstorageasynergisticapproachforenhancedenergyefficiencyinphotovoltaicpoweredbuildings
AT yuehongsu integratingradiantcoolingceilingswithternarypcmthermalstorageasynergisticapproachforenhancedenergyefficiencyinphotovoltaicpoweredbuildings
AT huilv integratingradiantcoolingceilingswithternarypcmthermalstorageasynergisticapproachforenhancedenergyefficiencyinphotovoltaicpoweredbuildings
AT saffariffat integratingradiantcoolingceilingswithternarypcmthermalstorageasynergisticapproachforenhancedenergyefficiencyinphotovoltaicpoweredbuildings