Optimising cellulose nanofiber extraction from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) stems: Effects of steam explosion pretreatment and ultrasonication time
This study presents a highly efficient approach to isolate high-quality cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from water hyacinth. The researchers employed a synergistic combination of steam explosion pretreatment and optimised ultrasonic fibrillation. The steam explosion pretreatment effectively disrupted th...
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Elsevier
2025-04-01
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| Series: | JCIS Open |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666934X25000029 |
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| author | A. Muhammad Afdhal Saputra Muhammad Ibadurrahman Averroes Fazlur Rahman Piliang Marpongahtun Amanda Jiamin Ong Ronn Goei Alfred Iing Yoong Tok Refi Ikhtiari Saharman Gea Cut Fatimah Zuhra |
| author_facet | A. Muhammad Afdhal Saputra Muhammad Ibadurrahman Averroes Fazlur Rahman Piliang Marpongahtun Amanda Jiamin Ong Ronn Goei Alfred Iing Yoong Tok Refi Ikhtiari Saharman Gea Cut Fatimah Zuhra |
| author_sort | A. Muhammad Afdhal Saputra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study presents a highly efficient approach to isolate high-quality cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from water hyacinth. The researchers employed a synergistic combination of steam explosion pretreatment and optimised ultrasonic fibrillation. The steam explosion pretreatment effectively disrupted the lignocellulosic structure, enhancing subsequent chemical and mechanical processing steps. Ultrasonic fibrillation for 1, 2, and 3 h yielded CNFs with average diameters of 24.3 nm, 12.05 nm, and 8.9 nm, respectively. The cellulose yield was 43.2 % from the steam-exploded sample, with 92–98 % CNF recovery. Comprehensive analyses revealed that the steam explosion pretreatment substantially improved the dispersion stability, crystallinity index (71 %), and the thermal stability (304 °C) of the CNFs as compared to the untreated fibres. The optimised chemical treatment further enhanced the CNF properties by removing lignin and hemicellulose components. The 1 h ultrasonic fibrillation of steam-exploded cellulose demonstrated superior efficiency, outperforming previous studies without pretreatment. Prolonged fibrillation had minimal impact on the CNF characteristics. This synergistic approach provides a highly effective and efficient method for isolating premium-quality CNFs from water hyacinth, with exceptional physical and thermal properties for advanced materials and composites. These findings pave the way for further exploration of water hyacinth-derived CNF's industrial potential. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5fe80dae96ec4ef1bd1fc27582ecac25 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2666-934X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JCIS Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-5fe80dae96ec4ef1bd1fc27582ecac252025-08-20T02:51:35ZengElsevierJCIS Open2666-934X2025-04-011710012910.1016/j.jciso.2025.100129Optimising cellulose nanofiber extraction from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) stems: Effects of steam explosion pretreatment and ultrasonication timeA. Muhammad Afdhal Saputra0Muhammad Ibadurrahman1Averroes Fazlur Rahman Piliang2 Marpongahtun3Amanda Jiamin Ong4Ronn Goei5Alfred Iing Yoong Tok6Refi Ikhtiari7Saharman Gea8Cut Fatimah Zuhra9Postgraduate School, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan, 20155, Indonesia; Cellulosic and Functional Material Research Center, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20115, IndonesiaCellulosic and Functional Material Research Center, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl.Bioteknologi No.1, Medan, 20155, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20115, IndonesiaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, SingaporeSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, SingaporeSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, SingaporeDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Medan, 20118, IndonesiaCellulosic and Functional Material Research Center, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20115, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20115, Indonesia; Corresponding author.This study presents a highly efficient approach to isolate high-quality cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from water hyacinth. The researchers employed a synergistic combination of steam explosion pretreatment and optimised ultrasonic fibrillation. The steam explosion pretreatment effectively disrupted the lignocellulosic structure, enhancing subsequent chemical and mechanical processing steps. Ultrasonic fibrillation for 1, 2, and 3 h yielded CNFs with average diameters of 24.3 nm, 12.05 nm, and 8.9 nm, respectively. The cellulose yield was 43.2 % from the steam-exploded sample, with 92–98 % CNF recovery. Comprehensive analyses revealed that the steam explosion pretreatment substantially improved the dispersion stability, crystallinity index (71 %), and the thermal stability (304 °C) of the CNFs as compared to the untreated fibres. The optimised chemical treatment further enhanced the CNF properties by removing lignin and hemicellulose components. The 1 h ultrasonic fibrillation of steam-exploded cellulose demonstrated superior efficiency, outperforming previous studies without pretreatment. Prolonged fibrillation had minimal impact on the CNF characteristics. This synergistic approach provides a highly effective and efficient method for isolating premium-quality CNFs from water hyacinth, with exceptional physical and thermal properties for advanced materials and composites. These findings pave the way for further exploration of water hyacinth-derived CNF's industrial potential.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666934X25000029Water hyacinthCellulose nanofibersSteam explosionUltrasonicationNanofibrillation |
| spellingShingle | A. Muhammad Afdhal Saputra Muhammad Ibadurrahman Averroes Fazlur Rahman Piliang Marpongahtun Amanda Jiamin Ong Ronn Goei Alfred Iing Yoong Tok Refi Ikhtiari Saharman Gea Cut Fatimah Zuhra Optimising cellulose nanofiber extraction from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) stems: Effects of steam explosion pretreatment and ultrasonication time JCIS Open Water hyacinth Cellulose nanofibers Steam explosion Ultrasonication Nanofibrillation |
| title | Optimising cellulose nanofiber extraction from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) stems: Effects of steam explosion pretreatment and ultrasonication time |
| title_full | Optimising cellulose nanofiber extraction from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) stems: Effects of steam explosion pretreatment and ultrasonication time |
| title_fullStr | Optimising cellulose nanofiber extraction from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) stems: Effects of steam explosion pretreatment and ultrasonication time |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimising cellulose nanofiber extraction from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) stems: Effects of steam explosion pretreatment and ultrasonication time |
| title_short | Optimising cellulose nanofiber extraction from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) stems: Effects of steam explosion pretreatment and ultrasonication time |
| title_sort | optimising cellulose nanofiber extraction from water hyacinth eichhornia crassipes stems effects of steam explosion pretreatment and ultrasonication time |
| topic | Water hyacinth Cellulose nanofibers Steam explosion Ultrasonication Nanofibrillation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666934X25000029 |
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