Use of Chitosan and Chitosan–Magnetite Spheres for Arsenic Groundwater Removal: Factorial Designs as Tools to Optimize the Efficiency of Removal

The lack of access to drinking water is a problem affecting many regions worldwide. In Santa Fe, Argentina, the population uses groundwater as a source of drinking water. Unfortunately, it has high concentrations of As(V), which makes it unsuitable for consumption. Despite several methods for As(V)...

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Main Authors: Mayra Hernández Trespalacios, María Florencia Mangiameli, Lina Gribaudo, María Inés Frascaroli, Juan Carlos González
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Inorganics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/12/11/294
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author Mayra Hernández Trespalacios
María Florencia Mangiameli
Lina Gribaudo
María Inés Frascaroli
Juan Carlos González
author_facet Mayra Hernández Trespalacios
María Florencia Mangiameli
Lina Gribaudo
María Inés Frascaroli
Juan Carlos González
author_sort Mayra Hernández Trespalacios
collection DOAJ
description The lack of access to drinking water is a problem affecting many regions worldwide. In Santa Fe, Argentina, the population uses groundwater as a source of drinking water. Unfortunately, it has high concentrations of As(V), which makes it unsuitable for consumption. Despite several methods for As(V) quantification and elimination, the high cost and technical difficulties in their implementation make many of them cost-ineffective, especially in small communities. In this work, a hybrid sorbent of magnetite–chitosan spheres (M-Q) is synthesized, and its sorption capacity is evaluated by employing groundwater with high conductivity (12.1 mS/cm) and hardness (1125 mg/L CaCO<sub>3</sub>) and an As(V) concentration of 0.265 mg/L. A colorimetric analytical technique, which is sufficiently sensitive, simple, and economical to apply, is used for As(V) quantification. The experimental results indicate that the sorption capacity for As(V) removal is 80.1% (sorbent mass 0.466 g, time 85.3 min, and pH 5.9), with the advantage of the capability of being independent of its magnetic properties. The optimal experimental conditions for As(V) sorption (pH, time, and mass of the hybrid sorbent M-Q) are obtained by response surface factorial designs, which significantly reduce the total number of experiments and, at the same time, demonstrate that all the selected variables significantly affect the As(V) sorption percentage (response studied).
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spelling doaj-art-5fdde521ca0a4ffba1dbc917616ae69a2025-08-20T02:28:07ZengMDPI AGInorganics2304-67402024-11-01121129410.3390/inorganics12110294Use of Chitosan and Chitosan–Magnetite Spheres for Arsenic Groundwater Removal: Factorial Designs as Tools to Optimize the Efficiency of RemovalMayra Hernández Trespalacios0María Florencia Mangiameli1Lina Gribaudo2María Inés Frascaroli3Juan Carlos González4Rosario Chemistry Institute-CONICET (IQUIR), Rosario S2002LRK, ArgentinaRosario Chemistry Institute-CONICET (IQUIR), Rosario S2002LRK, ArgentinaRosario Chemistry Institute-CONICET (IQUIR), Rosario S2002LRK, ArgentinaGeneral and Inorganic Chemistry Area, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Rosario S2002LRK, ArgentinaRosario Chemistry Institute-CONICET (IQUIR), Rosario S2002LRK, ArgentinaThe lack of access to drinking water is a problem affecting many regions worldwide. In Santa Fe, Argentina, the population uses groundwater as a source of drinking water. Unfortunately, it has high concentrations of As(V), which makes it unsuitable for consumption. Despite several methods for As(V) quantification and elimination, the high cost and technical difficulties in their implementation make many of them cost-ineffective, especially in small communities. In this work, a hybrid sorbent of magnetite–chitosan spheres (M-Q) is synthesized, and its sorption capacity is evaluated by employing groundwater with high conductivity (12.1 mS/cm) and hardness (1125 mg/L CaCO<sub>3</sub>) and an As(V) concentration of 0.265 mg/L. A colorimetric analytical technique, which is sufficiently sensitive, simple, and economical to apply, is used for As(V) quantification. The experimental results indicate that the sorption capacity for As(V) removal is 80.1% (sorbent mass 0.466 g, time 85.3 min, and pH 5.9), with the advantage of the capability of being independent of its magnetic properties. The optimal experimental conditions for As(V) sorption (pH, time, and mass of the hybrid sorbent M-Q) are obtained by response surface factorial designs, which significantly reduce the total number of experiments and, at the same time, demonstrate that all the selected variables significantly affect the As(V) sorption percentage (response studied).https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/12/11/294arsenicgroundwater hardnessmagnetiteresponse surface factorial designsquantification of total arsenicsilver diethyldithiocarbamate method
spellingShingle Mayra Hernández Trespalacios
María Florencia Mangiameli
Lina Gribaudo
María Inés Frascaroli
Juan Carlos González
Use of Chitosan and Chitosan–Magnetite Spheres for Arsenic Groundwater Removal: Factorial Designs as Tools to Optimize the Efficiency of Removal
Inorganics
arsenic
groundwater hardness
magnetite
response surface factorial designs
quantification of total arsenic
silver diethyldithiocarbamate method
title Use of Chitosan and Chitosan–Magnetite Spheres for Arsenic Groundwater Removal: Factorial Designs as Tools to Optimize the Efficiency of Removal
title_full Use of Chitosan and Chitosan–Magnetite Spheres for Arsenic Groundwater Removal: Factorial Designs as Tools to Optimize the Efficiency of Removal
title_fullStr Use of Chitosan and Chitosan–Magnetite Spheres for Arsenic Groundwater Removal: Factorial Designs as Tools to Optimize the Efficiency of Removal
title_full_unstemmed Use of Chitosan and Chitosan–Magnetite Spheres for Arsenic Groundwater Removal: Factorial Designs as Tools to Optimize the Efficiency of Removal
title_short Use of Chitosan and Chitosan–Magnetite Spheres for Arsenic Groundwater Removal: Factorial Designs as Tools to Optimize the Efficiency of Removal
title_sort use of chitosan and chitosan magnetite spheres for arsenic groundwater removal factorial designs as tools to optimize the efficiency of removal
topic arsenic
groundwater hardness
magnetite
response surface factorial designs
quantification of total arsenic
silver diethyldithiocarbamate method
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/12/11/294
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