Autobiographical Memory: A Scoping Meta-Review of Neuroimaging Data Enlightens the Inconsistencies Between Theory and Experimentation

<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Autobiographical memory (AM) is typically viewed in terms of comprising episodic (EAM) and semantic (SAM) components. Despite the emergence of numerous meta-analyses, the literature on these constructs remains fragmented. We aimed to summarize neural activat...

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Main Authors: Edoardo Donarelli, Cristina Civilotti, Giulia Di Fini, Gabriella Gandino, Alessia Celeghin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Brain Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/15/5/515
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author Edoardo Donarelli
Cristina Civilotti
Giulia Di Fini
Gabriella Gandino
Alessia Celeghin
author_facet Edoardo Donarelli
Cristina Civilotti
Giulia Di Fini
Gabriella Gandino
Alessia Celeghin
author_sort Edoardo Donarelli
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background/Objectives:</b> Autobiographical memory (AM) is typically viewed in terms of comprising episodic (EAM) and semantic (SAM) components. Despite the emergence of numerous meta-analyses, the literature on these constructs remains fragmented. We aimed to summarize neural activations and to discuss the relations between constructs based on theory and experimentation, while evaluating the consistency between literature sources and discussing the critical issues and challenges of current research. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a scoping meta-review on AM, EAM, and SAM based on meta-analytic studies in five scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsychInfo, and PsychArticles). No temporal or language limits were applied. <b>Results:</b> We included twelve meta-analyses on AM, EAM and SAM in healthy populations. The meta-analyses of AM and EAM actually investigated the same construct, leading to misinterpretation. The two available meta-analyses on SAM used two different operationalizations of the construct. Neural data about EAM were analyzed via mean rank classification, finding the most relevant areas in the posterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, precuneus, temporo-parietal junction, angular gyrus, and medial prefrontal cortex. SAM was linked to the posterior and anterior cingulate cortexes, middle and inferior frontal gyri, thalamus, middle and superior temporal gyri, inferior frontal and fusiform gyri, and parahippocampal cortex. <b>Conclusions:</b> Variability in reported activation patterns persists, reflecting differences in methodology and assumptions. We propose the homogenization the notations of EAM and AM based on experimental practice. In this notation, AM does not have a separate experimental task nor activation pattern and may not indicate a separate construct but an array of its components.
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spelling doaj-art-5fdb71d07f4d44d1b526b391140b5a5c2025-08-20T03:47:49ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252025-05-0115551510.3390/brainsci15050515Autobiographical Memory: A Scoping Meta-Review of Neuroimaging Data Enlightens the Inconsistencies Between Theory and ExperimentationEdoardo Donarelli0Cristina Civilotti1Giulia Di Fini2Gabriella Gandino3Alessia Celeghin4Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Via Verdi 10, 10124 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Psychology, University of Turin, Via Verdi 10, 10124 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Psychology, University of Turin, Via Verdi 10, 10124 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Psychology, University of Turin, Via Verdi 10, 10124 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Psychology, University of Turin, Via Verdi 10, 10124 Turin, Italy<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Autobiographical memory (AM) is typically viewed in terms of comprising episodic (EAM) and semantic (SAM) components. Despite the emergence of numerous meta-analyses, the literature on these constructs remains fragmented. We aimed to summarize neural activations and to discuss the relations between constructs based on theory and experimentation, while evaluating the consistency between literature sources and discussing the critical issues and challenges of current research. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a scoping meta-review on AM, EAM, and SAM based on meta-analytic studies in five scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsychInfo, and PsychArticles). No temporal or language limits were applied. <b>Results:</b> We included twelve meta-analyses on AM, EAM and SAM in healthy populations. The meta-analyses of AM and EAM actually investigated the same construct, leading to misinterpretation. The two available meta-analyses on SAM used two different operationalizations of the construct. Neural data about EAM were analyzed via mean rank classification, finding the most relevant areas in the posterior cingulate cortex, hippocampus, precuneus, temporo-parietal junction, angular gyrus, and medial prefrontal cortex. SAM was linked to the posterior and anterior cingulate cortexes, middle and inferior frontal gyri, thalamus, middle and superior temporal gyri, inferior frontal and fusiform gyri, and parahippocampal cortex. <b>Conclusions:</b> Variability in reported activation patterns persists, reflecting differences in methodology and assumptions. We propose the homogenization the notations of EAM and AM based on experimental practice. In this notation, AM does not have a separate experimental task nor activation pattern and may not indicate a separate construct but an array of its components.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/15/5/515autobiographical memoryepisodic memoryneuroimagingscoping meta-reviewsemantic memory
spellingShingle Edoardo Donarelli
Cristina Civilotti
Giulia Di Fini
Gabriella Gandino
Alessia Celeghin
Autobiographical Memory: A Scoping Meta-Review of Neuroimaging Data Enlightens the Inconsistencies Between Theory and Experimentation
Brain Sciences
autobiographical memory
episodic memory
neuroimaging
scoping meta-review
semantic memory
title Autobiographical Memory: A Scoping Meta-Review of Neuroimaging Data Enlightens the Inconsistencies Between Theory and Experimentation
title_full Autobiographical Memory: A Scoping Meta-Review of Neuroimaging Data Enlightens the Inconsistencies Between Theory and Experimentation
title_fullStr Autobiographical Memory: A Scoping Meta-Review of Neuroimaging Data Enlightens the Inconsistencies Between Theory and Experimentation
title_full_unstemmed Autobiographical Memory: A Scoping Meta-Review of Neuroimaging Data Enlightens the Inconsistencies Between Theory and Experimentation
title_short Autobiographical Memory: A Scoping Meta-Review of Neuroimaging Data Enlightens the Inconsistencies Between Theory and Experimentation
title_sort autobiographical memory a scoping meta review of neuroimaging data enlightens the inconsistencies between theory and experimentation
topic autobiographical memory
episodic memory
neuroimaging
scoping meta-review
semantic memory
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/15/5/515
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