Epidemiological Exploration of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i>, and <i>Blastocystis</i> spp. in Yaks: Investigating Ecological and Zoonotic Dynamics in Lhasa, Xizang
The yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>), prevalent at an altitude between 3000 and 5000 m above sea level, provides the local inhabitants with meat, milk, leather, fuel (dung), and transport. However, intestinal zoonotic parasites seriously endanger its holistic well-being. The prime concern of t...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Yaru Ji Munwar Ali Chang Xu Jia Wang Md. F. Kulyar Shah Nawaz Khalid Mehmood Mingming Liu Kun Li |
| author_facet | Yaru Ji Munwar Ali Chang Xu Jia Wang Md. F. Kulyar Shah Nawaz Khalid Mehmood Mingming Liu Kun Li |
| author_sort | Yaru Ji |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>), prevalent at an altitude between 3000 and 5000 m above sea level, provides the local inhabitants with meat, milk, leather, fuel (dung), and transport. However, intestinal zoonotic parasites seriously endanger its holistic well-being. The prime concern of this study is to investigate the prevalence of four globally ubiquitous zoonotic enteric protozoans, namely <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>G. intestinalis</i>, <i>Blastocystis</i> spp., and <i>E. bieneusi</i> in yaks from different areas of Lhasa, Xizang. In the given study, 377 yak fecal samples from various regions in Lhasa were obtained, including 161 samples from Linzhou County, 66 samples from Dangxiong County, and 150 samples from the Nimu County cattle farms. Molecular identification of these protozoans was done after amplification using PCR and sequencing of PCR-positive samples, and further phylogenetic analysis was performed. The results indicated that the prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>G. intestinalis</i>, <i>E. bieneusi</i>, and <i>Blastocystis</i> spp. in yak farms in Linzhou County was 48.5, 22.9, 47.8, and 90.7%; 65.2, 13.6, 72.7, and 87.9% in Dangxiong County; and 56.0, 29.3, 58.0, and 80.0%, respectively, in Nimu County. The results of this study provide a basic reference for preventing and controlling intestinal parasites in yaks in Lhasa, Xizang. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5fcb0099332f4f4f98b8c6efb692a403 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-5fcb0099332f4f4f98b8c6efb692a4032025-08-20T03:47:57ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812025-05-0112550410.3390/vetsci12050504Epidemiological Exploration of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i>, and <i>Blastocystis</i> spp. in Yaks: Investigating Ecological and Zoonotic Dynamics in Lhasa, XizangYaru Ji0Munwar Ali1Chang Xu2Jia Wang3Md. F. Kulyar4Shah Nawaz5Khalid Mehmood6Mingming Liu7Kun Li8College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, PakistanSchool of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 712000, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaThe yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>), prevalent at an altitude between 3000 and 5000 m above sea level, provides the local inhabitants with meat, milk, leather, fuel (dung), and transport. However, intestinal zoonotic parasites seriously endanger its holistic well-being. The prime concern of this study is to investigate the prevalence of four globally ubiquitous zoonotic enteric protozoans, namely <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>G. intestinalis</i>, <i>Blastocystis</i> spp., and <i>E. bieneusi</i> in yaks from different areas of Lhasa, Xizang. In the given study, 377 yak fecal samples from various regions in Lhasa were obtained, including 161 samples from Linzhou County, 66 samples from Dangxiong County, and 150 samples from the Nimu County cattle farms. Molecular identification of these protozoans was done after amplification using PCR and sequencing of PCR-positive samples, and further phylogenetic analysis was performed. The results indicated that the prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>G. intestinalis</i>, <i>E. bieneusi</i>, and <i>Blastocystis</i> spp. in yak farms in Linzhou County was 48.5, 22.9, 47.8, and 90.7%; 65.2, 13.6, 72.7, and 87.9% in Dangxiong County; and 56.0, 29.3, 58.0, and 80.0%, respectively, in Nimu County. The results of this study provide a basic reference for preventing and controlling intestinal parasites in yaks in Lhasa, Xizang.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/5/504<i>Cryptosporidium</i><i>Giardia</i><i>Enterocytozoon</i><i>Blastocystis</i>prevalenceyaks |
| spellingShingle | Yaru Ji Munwar Ali Chang Xu Jia Wang Md. F. Kulyar Shah Nawaz Khalid Mehmood Mingming Liu Kun Li Epidemiological Exploration of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i>, and <i>Blastocystis</i> spp. in Yaks: Investigating Ecological and Zoonotic Dynamics in Lhasa, Xizang Veterinary Sciences <i>Cryptosporidium</i> <i>Giardia</i> <i>Enterocytozoon</i> <i>Blastocystis</i> prevalence yaks |
| title | Epidemiological Exploration of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i>, and <i>Blastocystis</i> spp. in Yaks: Investigating Ecological and Zoonotic Dynamics in Lhasa, Xizang |
| title_full | Epidemiological Exploration of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i>, and <i>Blastocystis</i> spp. in Yaks: Investigating Ecological and Zoonotic Dynamics in Lhasa, Xizang |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiological Exploration of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i>, and <i>Blastocystis</i> spp. in Yaks: Investigating Ecological and Zoonotic Dynamics in Lhasa, Xizang |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiological Exploration of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i>, and <i>Blastocystis</i> spp. in Yaks: Investigating Ecological and Zoonotic Dynamics in Lhasa, Xizang |
| title_short | Epidemiological Exploration of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i>, and <i>Blastocystis</i> spp. in Yaks: Investigating Ecological and Zoonotic Dynamics in Lhasa, Xizang |
| title_sort | epidemiological exploration of i cryptosporidium i spp i giardia intestinalis i i enterocytozoon bieneusi i and i blastocystis i spp in yaks investigating ecological and zoonotic dynamics in lhasa xizang |
| topic | <i>Cryptosporidium</i> <i>Giardia</i> <i>Enterocytozoon</i> <i>Blastocystis</i> prevalence yaks |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/5/504 |
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