Exopolysaccharide-producing strains alter heavy metal fates and bacterial communities in soil aggregates to reduce metal uptake by pakchoi

The characteristics of heavy metals in soil aggregates represent critical factors influencing the uptake of heavy metals by crops. However, the mechanisms underlying the immobilization of Cd and Pb by soil aggregates of different particle sizes mediated by exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing bacteria...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Heyun Zhang, Junqing Zhang, Shuangjiao Tang, ZhongYan Deng, Randa S. Makar, Lunguang Yao, Hui Han
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1595142/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849430808823070720
author Heyun Zhang
Junqing Zhang
Shuangjiao Tang
ZhongYan Deng
Randa S. Makar
Lunguang Yao
Hui Han
author_facet Heyun Zhang
Junqing Zhang
Shuangjiao Tang
ZhongYan Deng
Randa S. Makar
Lunguang Yao
Hui Han
author_sort Heyun Zhang
collection DOAJ
description The characteristics of heavy metals in soil aggregates represent critical factors influencing the uptake of heavy metals by crops. However, the mechanisms underlying the immobilization of Cd and Pb by soil aggregates of different particle sizes mediated by exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing bacteria have remained poorly understood. In this study, a selective medium was employed to isolate and screen EPS-producing bacteria from the heavy metal-contaminated soil, with their mechanisms of Cd and Pb immobilization investigated through solution adsorption experiments. Pot experiments combined with high-throughput sequencing technology were conducted to examine the effects of these strains on heavy metal uptake by pakchoi and to elucidate the underlying microbiological mechanisms. Two high-EPS-yielding bacterial strains, Pseudomonas sp. H7 and Agrobacterium sp. Z22, were successfully isolated from heavy metal-contaminated farmland. These strains effectively facilitated the formation of Fe2Pb(PO4)2, CdCO3, and Pb2O3 precipitates, thereby immobilizing Cd and Pb in aqueous solutions. Compared to the CK group, inoculation with Pseudomonas sp. H7 and Agrobacterium sp. Z22 reduced the Cd (30.7–81.8%) and Pb (8.1–57%) contents in the pakchoi tissues. Notably, Pseudomonas sp. H7 and Agrobacterium sp. Z22 enhanced EPS production and promoted the specific formation of CdCO3, PbCO3, Cd2(OH)2CO3, and 2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2 within microaggregates (< 250 μm), which significantly reducing Cd and Pb uptake by pakchoi. Microaggregates exhibited predominant accumulation of Cd and Pb were in organic matter-bound and residual states, whereas in macroaggregates (> 250 μm), these metals were primarily associated with Fe-Mn oxide-bound and residual states. Furthermore, inoculation with these strains altered the bacterial community composition, specifically increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Sphingomonadaceae, and Micrococcales in microaggregates, which further contributed to the reduction of Cd and Pb uptake by pakchoi. These findings provide both valuable bacterial resources and a soild theoretical foundation for developing safe vegetable production strategies in heavy metal-contaminated fields.
format Article
id doaj-art-5fb19bc3132f4e049dce936a32a8a27e
institution Kabale University
issn 1664-302X
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Microbiology
spelling doaj-art-5fb19bc3132f4e049dce936a32a8a27e2025-08-20T03:27:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-06-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.15951421595142Exopolysaccharide-producing strains alter heavy metal fates and bacterial communities in soil aggregates to reduce metal uptake by pakchoiHeyun Zhang0Junqing Zhang1Shuangjiao Tang2ZhongYan Deng3Randa S. Makar4Lunguang Yao5Hui Han6Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of the Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, ChinaHenan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of the Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, ChinaHenan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of the Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, ChinaPLA, Beijing, ChinaSoils and Water use Department, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, EgyptHenan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of the Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, ChinaHenan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Collaborative Innovation of Water Security for the Water Source Region of the Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, ChinaThe characteristics of heavy metals in soil aggregates represent critical factors influencing the uptake of heavy metals by crops. However, the mechanisms underlying the immobilization of Cd and Pb by soil aggregates of different particle sizes mediated by exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing bacteria have remained poorly understood. In this study, a selective medium was employed to isolate and screen EPS-producing bacteria from the heavy metal-contaminated soil, with their mechanisms of Cd and Pb immobilization investigated through solution adsorption experiments. Pot experiments combined with high-throughput sequencing technology were conducted to examine the effects of these strains on heavy metal uptake by pakchoi and to elucidate the underlying microbiological mechanisms. Two high-EPS-yielding bacterial strains, Pseudomonas sp. H7 and Agrobacterium sp. Z22, were successfully isolated from heavy metal-contaminated farmland. These strains effectively facilitated the formation of Fe2Pb(PO4)2, CdCO3, and Pb2O3 precipitates, thereby immobilizing Cd and Pb in aqueous solutions. Compared to the CK group, inoculation with Pseudomonas sp. H7 and Agrobacterium sp. Z22 reduced the Cd (30.7–81.8%) and Pb (8.1–57%) contents in the pakchoi tissues. Notably, Pseudomonas sp. H7 and Agrobacterium sp. Z22 enhanced EPS production and promoted the specific formation of CdCO3, PbCO3, Cd2(OH)2CO3, and 2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2 within microaggregates (< 250 μm), which significantly reducing Cd and Pb uptake by pakchoi. Microaggregates exhibited predominant accumulation of Cd and Pb were in organic matter-bound and residual states, whereas in macroaggregates (> 250 μm), these metals were primarily associated with Fe-Mn oxide-bound and residual states. Furthermore, inoculation with these strains altered the bacterial community composition, specifically increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Sphingomonadaceae, and Micrococcales in microaggregates, which further contributed to the reduction of Cd and Pb uptake by pakchoi. These findings provide both valuable bacterial resources and a soild theoretical foundation for developing safe vegetable production strategies in heavy metal-contaminated fields.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1595142/fullexopolysaccharide-producing strainsoil aggregatesCd and Pbimmobilizationpakchoi
spellingShingle Heyun Zhang
Junqing Zhang
Shuangjiao Tang
ZhongYan Deng
Randa S. Makar
Lunguang Yao
Hui Han
Exopolysaccharide-producing strains alter heavy metal fates and bacterial communities in soil aggregates to reduce metal uptake by pakchoi
Frontiers in Microbiology
exopolysaccharide-producing strain
soil aggregates
Cd and Pb
immobilization
pakchoi
title Exopolysaccharide-producing strains alter heavy metal fates and bacterial communities in soil aggregates to reduce metal uptake by pakchoi
title_full Exopolysaccharide-producing strains alter heavy metal fates and bacterial communities in soil aggregates to reduce metal uptake by pakchoi
title_fullStr Exopolysaccharide-producing strains alter heavy metal fates and bacterial communities in soil aggregates to reduce metal uptake by pakchoi
title_full_unstemmed Exopolysaccharide-producing strains alter heavy metal fates and bacterial communities in soil aggregates to reduce metal uptake by pakchoi
title_short Exopolysaccharide-producing strains alter heavy metal fates and bacterial communities in soil aggregates to reduce metal uptake by pakchoi
title_sort exopolysaccharide producing strains alter heavy metal fates and bacterial communities in soil aggregates to reduce metal uptake by pakchoi
topic exopolysaccharide-producing strain
soil aggregates
Cd and Pb
immobilization
pakchoi
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1595142/full
work_keys_str_mv AT heyunzhang exopolysaccharideproducingstrainsalterheavymetalfatesandbacterialcommunitiesinsoilaggregatestoreducemetaluptakebypakchoi
AT junqingzhang exopolysaccharideproducingstrainsalterheavymetalfatesandbacterialcommunitiesinsoilaggregatestoreducemetaluptakebypakchoi
AT shuangjiaotang exopolysaccharideproducingstrainsalterheavymetalfatesandbacterialcommunitiesinsoilaggregatestoreducemetaluptakebypakchoi
AT zhongyandeng exopolysaccharideproducingstrainsalterheavymetalfatesandbacterialcommunitiesinsoilaggregatestoreducemetaluptakebypakchoi
AT randasmakar exopolysaccharideproducingstrainsalterheavymetalfatesandbacterialcommunitiesinsoilaggregatestoreducemetaluptakebypakchoi
AT lunguangyao exopolysaccharideproducingstrainsalterheavymetalfatesandbacterialcommunitiesinsoilaggregatestoreducemetaluptakebypakchoi
AT huihan exopolysaccharideproducingstrainsalterheavymetalfatesandbacterialcommunitiesinsoilaggregatestoreducemetaluptakebypakchoi