Overall Damage and Germinability of Five Improved Cowpea Varieties Infested With Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab. 1775) in Storage

Host plant resistance offers the cheapest, most sustainable and environmentally safe way to mitigate losses caused by the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.1775), in stored cowpea grains. This study aimed to identify cowpea cultivars that show resistance to infestation by C. maculatus dur...

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Main Authors: Francis Kusi, Jerry A. Nboyine, Gibril Musah, Hope K. Nkrumah, Patrick Attamah, Charles Nelimor, Mukhtaru Zakaria, Peter Quandahor, Issah Sugri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-01-01
Series:International Journal of Agronomy
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ioa/8895163
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author Francis Kusi
Jerry A. Nboyine
Gibril Musah
Hope K. Nkrumah
Patrick Attamah
Charles Nelimor
Mukhtaru Zakaria
Peter Quandahor
Issah Sugri
author_facet Francis Kusi
Jerry A. Nboyine
Gibril Musah
Hope K. Nkrumah
Patrick Attamah
Charles Nelimor
Mukhtaru Zakaria
Peter Quandahor
Issah Sugri
author_sort Francis Kusi
collection DOAJ
description Host plant resistance offers the cheapest, most sustainable and environmentally safe way to mitigate losses caused by the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.1775), in stored cowpea grains. This study aimed to identify cowpea cultivars that show resistance to infestation by C. maculatus during storage and the effect of its attack on seed germination. Sterilized grains of five cowpea varieties (Hansadua, Asontem, Tona, Wang-kae, and Kirkhouse Benga) were placed in 500 mL kilner jars and infested with 48 h old C. maculatus. A completely randomized design was used. Data were collected on oviposition and hatchability rate, percent seed weight loss (PSWL), percent germination (PG) and percent seedling survival (PSS) as well as seed damage (SD). Dobie’s susceptibility index (DSI) was computed to determine the resistance of the genotypes to C. maculatus attack, while principal component analysis (PCA) was used to measure associations among variables contributing to resistance. The results showed that oviposition, hatchability and number of exit holes were low in Tona and Asontem. In contrast, these variables were high in Kirkhouse Benga and Hansadua. Percent germinability and PSS both declined by over 50% after 52 days of infestation. Also, the PCA showed that the first two principal components (PCs) accounted for 84.06% of the variance among the varieties with a positive association reported between DSI, oviposition, hatchability, number of exit holes and PSWL when they were used to generate a biplot. The variety Tona was considered tolerant while Asontem was classified as moderately resistant. Promotion of these less susceptible varieties could contribute to minimizing storage losses and deliver better returns to farmers and they can be used as sources of resistance in breeding programmes.
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spelling doaj-art-5f9f4fc2709d4118b970a20a8a9896fd2025-08-20T03:08:47ZengWileyInternational Journal of Agronomy1687-81672025-01-01202510.1155/ioa/8895163Overall Damage and Germinability of Five Improved Cowpea Varieties Infested With Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab. 1775) in StorageFrancis Kusi0Jerry A. Nboyine1Gibril Musah2Hope K. Nkrumah3Patrick Attamah4Charles Nelimor5Mukhtaru Zakaria6Peter Quandahor7Issah Sugri8Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial DevelopmentAkenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial DevelopmentCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)Host plant resistance offers the cheapest, most sustainable and environmentally safe way to mitigate losses caused by the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.1775), in stored cowpea grains. This study aimed to identify cowpea cultivars that show resistance to infestation by C. maculatus during storage and the effect of its attack on seed germination. Sterilized grains of five cowpea varieties (Hansadua, Asontem, Tona, Wang-kae, and Kirkhouse Benga) were placed in 500 mL kilner jars and infested with 48 h old C. maculatus. A completely randomized design was used. Data were collected on oviposition and hatchability rate, percent seed weight loss (PSWL), percent germination (PG) and percent seedling survival (PSS) as well as seed damage (SD). Dobie’s susceptibility index (DSI) was computed to determine the resistance of the genotypes to C. maculatus attack, while principal component analysis (PCA) was used to measure associations among variables contributing to resistance. The results showed that oviposition, hatchability and number of exit holes were low in Tona and Asontem. In contrast, these variables were high in Kirkhouse Benga and Hansadua. Percent germinability and PSS both declined by over 50% after 52 days of infestation. Also, the PCA showed that the first two principal components (PCs) accounted for 84.06% of the variance among the varieties with a positive association reported between DSI, oviposition, hatchability, number of exit holes and PSWL when they were used to generate a biplot. The variety Tona was considered tolerant while Asontem was classified as moderately resistant. Promotion of these less susceptible varieties could contribute to minimizing storage losses and deliver better returns to farmers and they can be used as sources of resistance in breeding programmes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ioa/8895163
spellingShingle Francis Kusi
Jerry A. Nboyine
Gibril Musah
Hope K. Nkrumah
Patrick Attamah
Charles Nelimor
Mukhtaru Zakaria
Peter Quandahor
Issah Sugri
Overall Damage and Germinability of Five Improved Cowpea Varieties Infested With Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab. 1775) in Storage
International Journal of Agronomy
title Overall Damage and Germinability of Five Improved Cowpea Varieties Infested With Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab. 1775) in Storage
title_full Overall Damage and Germinability of Five Improved Cowpea Varieties Infested With Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab. 1775) in Storage
title_fullStr Overall Damage and Germinability of Five Improved Cowpea Varieties Infested With Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab. 1775) in Storage
title_full_unstemmed Overall Damage and Germinability of Five Improved Cowpea Varieties Infested With Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab. 1775) in Storage
title_short Overall Damage and Germinability of Five Improved Cowpea Varieties Infested With Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab. 1775) in Storage
title_sort overall damage and germinability of five improved cowpea varieties infested with callosobruchus maculatus fab 1775 in storage
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ioa/8895163
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