A high precision YOLO model for surface defect detection based on PyConv and CISBA

Abstract Defect detection is vital for product quality in industrial production, yet current surface defect detection technologies struggle with diverse defect types and complex backgrounds. The challenge intensifies with multi-scale small targets, leading to significantly reduced detection performa...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shufen Ruan, Chenmei Zhan, Bo Liu, Quan Wan, Kunfang Song
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91930-z
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849312111391408128
author Shufen Ruan
Chenmei Zhan
Bo Liu
Quan Wan
Kunfang Song
author_facet Shufen Ruan
Chenmei Zhan
Bo Liu
Quan Wan
Kunfang Song
author_sort Shufen Ruan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Defect detection is vital for product quality in industrial production, yet current surface defect detection technologies struggle with diverse defect types and complex backgrounds. The challenge intensifies with multi-scale small targets, leading to significantly reduced detection performance. Therefore, this paper proposes the EPSC-YOLO algorithm to improve the efficiency and accuracy of defect detection. The algorithm first introduces multi-scale attention modules and uses two newly designed pyramid convolutions in the backbone network to better identify multi-scale defects; Secondly, Soft-NMS is introduced to replace traditional NMS, which can reduce information loss and improve multi-target detection accuracy by smoothing and suppressing the scores of overlapping boxes. In addition, a new convolutional attention module, CISBA, is designed to enhance the detection capability of small targets in complex backgrounds. In the end, we validate the effectiveness of EPSC-YOLO on NEU-DET and GC10-DET datasets. The experimental results show that, compared to YOLOv9c, $$mAP^{val}_{50}$$ increases by 2% and 2.4%, and $$mAP^{val}_{50:95}$$ increases by 5.1% and 2.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, EPSC-YOLO demonstrates superior accuracy and significant advantages in real-time detection of surface defects on products compared to algorithms such as YOLOv10 and MSFT-YOLO.
format Article
id doaj-art-5f9c1bf4bd534cb5b31d92aeb5ae5684
institution Kabale University
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-5f9c1bf4bd534cb5b31d92aeb5ae56842025-08-20T03:53:12ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115111910.1038/s41598-025-91930-zA high precision YOLO model for surface defect detection based on PyConv and CISBAShufen Ruan0Chenmei Zhan1Bo Liu2Quan Wan3Kunfang Song4The School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile UniversityThe School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile UniversityThe School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile UniversityThe School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Wuhan Textile UniversityThe School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan Textile UniversityAbstract Defect detection is vital for product quality in industrial production, yet current surface defect detection technologies struggle with diverse defect types and complex backgrounds. The challenge intensifies with multi-scale small targets, leading to significantly reduced detection performance. Therefore, this paper proposes the EPSC-YOLO algorithm to improve the efficiency and accuracy of defect detection. The algorithm first introduces multi-scale attention modules and uses two newly designed pyramid convolutions in the backbone network to better identify multi-scale defects; Secondly, Soft-NMS is introduced to replace traditional NMS, which can reduce information loss and improve multi-target detection accuracy by smoothing and suppressing the scores of overlapping boxes. In addition, a new convolutional attention module, CISBA, is designed to enhance the detection capability of small targets in complex backgrounds. In the end, we validate the effectiveness of EPSC-YOLO on NEU-DET and GC10-DET datasets. The experimental results show that, compared to YOLOv9c, $$mAP^{val}_{50}$$ increases by 2% and 2.4%, and $$mAP^{val}_{50:95}$$ increases by 5.1% and 2.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, EPSC-YOLO demonstrates superior accuracy and significant advantages in real-time detection of surface defects on products compared to algorithms such as YOLOv10 and MSFT-YOLO.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91930-z
spellingShingle Shufen Ruan
Chenmei Zhan
Bo Liu
Quan Wan
Kunfang Song
A high precision YOLO model for surface defect detection based on PyConv and CISBA
Scientific Reports
title A high precision YOLO model for surface defect detection based on PyConv and CISBA
title_full A high precision YOLO model for surface defect detection based on PyConv and CISBA
title_fullStr A high precision YOLO model for surface defect detection based on PyConv and CISBA
title_full_unstemmed A high precision YOLO model for surface defect detection based on PyConv and CISBA
title_short A high precision YOLO model for surface defect detection based on PyConv and CISBA
title_sort high precision yolo model for surface defect detection based on pyconv and cisba
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91930-z
work_keys_str_mv AT shufenruan ahighprecisionyolomodelforsurfacedefectdetectionbasedonpyconvandcisba
AT chenmeizhan ahighprecisionyolomodelforsurfacedefectdetectionbasedonpyconvandcisba
AT boliu ahighprecisionyolomodelforsurfacedefectdetectionbasedonpyconvandcisba
AT quanwan ahighprecisionyolomodelforsurfacedefectdetectionbasedonpyconvandcisba
AT kunfangsong ahighprecisionyolomodelforsurfacedefectdetectionbasedonpyconvandcisba
AT shufenruan highprecisionyolomodelforsurfacedefectdetectionbasedonpyconvandcisba
AT chenmeizhan highprecisionyolomodelforsurfacedefectdetectionbasedonpyconvandcisba
AT boliu highprecisionyolomodelforsurfacedefectdetectionbasedonpyconvandcisba
AT quanwan highprecisionyolomodelforsurfacedefectdetectionbasedonpyconvandcisba
AT kunfangsong highprecisionyolomodelforsurfacedefectdetectionbasedonpyconvandcisba