Disaster Medicine Core Competencies: Comparative Analysis of Emergency Medicine Residency Training in Taiwan and the United States

Background: Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, Taiwan has faced a diverse array of natural and man-made disasters. Since 2000, disaster medicine education has been progressively integrated into various medical professions, with a focus on training disaster medical assistance teams, managing chem...

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Main Authors: Joyce Tay, Wei-Kuo Chou, Ming-Tai Cheng, Chih-Wei Yang, Shuo-Kuen Huang, Chien-Hao Lin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: eScholarship Publishing, University of California 2025-06-01
Series:Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
Online Access:https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3x212619
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author Joyce Tay
Wei-Kuo Chou
Ming-Tai Cheng
Chih-Wei Yang
Shuo-Kuen Huang
Chien-Hao Lin
author_facet Joyce Tay
Wei-Kuo Chou
Ming-Tai Cheng
Chih-Wei Yang
Shuo-Kuen Huang
Chien-Hao Lin
author_sort Joyce Tay
collection DOAJ
description Background: Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, Taiwan has faced a diverse array of natural and man-made disasters. Since 2000, disaster medicine education has been progressively integrated into various medical professions, with a focus on training disaster medical assistance teams, managing chemical and radiological emergencies, and enhancing prehospital and hospital emergency management capabilities. Despite the key roles of emergency physicians (EP) as primary responders and crucial managerial personnel during disasters, a comprehensive assessment of the disaster medicine core competencies (DMCC) required for emergency medicine (EM) residency training might serve as a blueprint for Taiwan’s EM residency core curriculum. We sought to survey the most critical DMCCs, prioritize them, and determine their appropriateness for the EM residency training program. We also compare dthe prioritization of DMCCs between Taiwan and the United States. Methods: To accomplish these objectives, we employed a modified Delphi method over three rounds. Initially, three EPs developed a draft of DMCCs for Taiwan. This draft, including 42 DMCCs, was subsequently reviewed by a task force comprising 22 leaders in disaster medicine from EM residency training hospitals across Taiwan. The Delphi method facilitated consensus on the DMCCs through three iterative rounds of polling, with each round evaluating the appropriateness of the proposed competencies. The study also compared the prioritized DMCCs proposed in both Taiwan and the US. Results: The following 15 DMCCs were rated as highly appropriate with high consensus agreement: personal protective equipment (PPE); decontamination; incident command systems; mass casualty incidents; basic concepts and nomenclature of disaster medicine; medical response to chemical emergencies; triage; identification, notification, activation, and information collection; medical response to radiation emergencies; medical response to bioterrorism and biological emergencies; mental health; disaster exercises; prehospital disaster management; communication and information management; and health consequences of different disasters. A comparison with DMCCs in the US revealed shared prioritization for PPE and decontamination competencies. However, Taiwan placed greater emphasis on prehospital disaster operation management, mental health implications, and health consequences across different disasters, while the US focused more extensively on emergency management within hospitals. Conclusion: The expert-consensus-driven ranking of DMCCs in the study showed noteworthy agreement with the US. However, the roles of EPs, experience of previous disasters, and government policies may influence specific competencies. This underscores the importance of incorporating local context into disaster medicine training.
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spelling doaj-art-5f94e234652a4e73a3abc28be0e985d12025-08-20T04:02:41ZengeScholarship Publishing, University of CaliforniaWestern Journal of Emergency Medicine1936-900X1936-90182025-06-012641095110410.5811/westjem.24961wjem-26-1095Disaster Medicine Core Competencies: Comparative Analysis of Emergency Medicine Residency Training in Taiwan and the United StatesJoyce Tay0Wei-Kuo Chou1Ming-Tai Cheng2Chih-Wei Yang3Shuo-Kuen Huang4Chien-Hao Lin5National Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, TaiwanNational Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, TaiwanNational Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, TaiwanNational Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Medical Education, Taipei, TaiwanNational Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, TaiwanNational Taiwan University Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei, TaiwanBackground: Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, Taiwan has faced a diverse array of natural and man-made disasters. Since 2000, disaster medicine education has been progressively integrated into various medical professions, with a focus on training disaster medical assistance teams, managing chemical and radiological emergencies, and enhancing prehospital and hospital emergency management capabilities. Despite the key roles of emergency physicians (EP) as primary responders and crucial managerial personnel during disasters, a comprehensive assessment of the disaster medicine core competencies (DMCC) required for emergency medicine (EM) residency training might serve as a blueprint for Taiwan’s EM residency core curriculum. We sought to survey the most critical DMCCs, prioritize them, and determine their appropriateness for the EM residency training program. We also compare dthe prioritization of DMCCs between Taiwan and the United States. Methods: To accomplish these objectives, we employed a modified Delphi method over three rounds. Initially, three EPs developed a draft of DMCCs for Taiwan. This draft, including 42 DMCCs, was subsequently reviewed by a task force comprising 22 leaders in disaster medicine from EM residency training hospitals across Taiwan. The Delphi method facilitated consensus on the DMCCs through three iterative rounds of polling, with each round evaluating the appropriateness of the proposed competencies. The study also compared the prioritized DMCCs proposed in both Taiwan and the US. Results: The following 15 DMCCs were rated as highly appropriate with high consensus agreement: personal protective equipment (PPE); decontamination; incident command systems; mass casualty incidents; basic concepts and nomenclature of disaster medicine; medical response to chemical emergencies; triage; identification, notification, activation, and information collection; medical response to radiation emergencies; medical response to bioterrorism and biological emergencies; mental health; disaster exercises; prehospital disaster management; communication and information management; and health consequences of different disasters. A comparison with DMCCs in the US revealed shared prioritization for PPE and decontamination competencies. However, Taiwan placed greater emphasis on prehospital disaster operation management, mental health implications, and health consequences across different disasters, while the US focused more extensively on emergency management within hospitals. Conclusion: The expert-consensus-driven ranking of DMCCs in the study showed noteworthy agreement with the US. However, the roles of EPs, experience of previous disasters, and government policies may influence specific competencies. This underscores the importance of incorporating local context into disaster medicine training.https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3x212619
spellingShingle Joyce Tay
Wei-Kuo Chou
Ming-Tai Cheng
Chih-Wei Yang
Shuo-Kuen Huang
Chien-Hao Lin
Disaster Medicine Core Competencies: Comparative Analysis of Emergency Medicine Residency Training in Taiwan and the United States
Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
title Disaster Medicine Core Competencies: Comparative Analysis of Emergency Medicine Residency Training in Taiwan and the United States
title_full Disaster Medicine Core Competencies: Comparative Analysis of Emergency Medicine Residency Training in Taiwan and the United States
title_fullStr Disaster Medicine Core Competencies: Comparative Analysis of Emergency Medicine Residency Training in Taiwan and the United States
title_full_unstemmed Disaster Medicine Core Competencies: Comparative Analysis of Emergency Medicine Residency Training in Taiwan and the United States
title_short Disaster Medicine Core Competencies: Comparative Analysis of Emergency Medicine Residency Training in Taiwan and the United States
title_sort disaster medicine core competencies comparative analysis of emergency medicine residency training in taiwan and the united states
url https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3x212619
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