Clinical insights into IL-23 inhibition: risankizumab for Crohn’s disease through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background and aims: Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder with rising global prevalence, marked by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fatigue. Interleukin (IL)-23 plays a pivotal role in Crohn’s disease pathogenesis, making it a therapeutic target. Risankizumab, a monoclonal antibody target...

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Main Authors: Po-Feng Huang, Tien-Yu Huang, Yi-Chiao Cheng, Peng-Jen Chen, Wei-Kuo Chang, Chao-Feng Chang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2025-05-01
Series:Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/17562848251338743
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author Po-Feng Huang
Tien-Yu Huang
Yi-Chiao Cheng
Peng-Jen Chen
Wei-Kuo Chang
Chao-Feng Chang
author_facet Po-Feng Huang
Tien-Yu Huang
Yi-Chiao Cheng
Peng-Jen Chen
Wei-Kuo Chang
Chao-Feng Chang
author_sort Po-Feng Huang
collection DOAJ
description Background and aims: Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder with rising global prevalence, marked by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fatigue. Interleukin (IL)-23 plays a pivotal role in Crohn’s disease pathogenesis, making it a therapeutic target. Risankizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-23 p19 subunit, has shown potential in clinical trials. Objectives: This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of Risankizumab in achieving clinical remission, clinical response, and endoscopic remission in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Data sources and methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing Risankizumab in Crohn’s disease. Primary outcomes were clinical remission, clinical response, and endoscopic remission, with secondary outcomes focusing on treatment-related adverse events. A random-effects model estimated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals. Meta-regression analyzed dose- and duration-dependent effects. Results: Four RCTs involving 1774 participants showed that Risankizumab significantly improved clinical remission (OR = 2.223), clinical response (OR = 2.483), and endoscopic remission (OR = 4.112). Dose-dependent improvements were observed, with treatment duration affecting clinical remission ( p  = 0.0158) but not clinical response or endoscopic remission. Adverse event rates were comparable between Risankizumab and placebo groups (OR = 0.872, p  = 0.592). Conclusion: Risankizumab is effective in achieving clinical and endoscopic outcomes in moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease, demonstrating dose-dependent benefits and a favorable safety profile, supporting its use as a therapeutic option. However, the limited number of studies may affect the robustness of these findings. Further large-scale RCTs are needed to validate its long-term efficacy, safety in elderly populations, and effectiveness in biologic-naïve patients. Trial registration: This systematic review and meta-analysis were registered with the INPLASY database under registration number INPLASY202530014. The full protocol is accessible at DOI: 10.37766/inplasy2025.3.0014.
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spelling doaj-art-5f758044a6434b55a42e9ae6cc583de42025-08-20T01:54:57ZengSAGE PublishingTherapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology1756-28482025-05-011810.1177/17562848251338743Clinical insights into IL-23 inhibition: risankizumab for Crohn’s disease through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPo-Feng HuangTien-Yu HuangYi-Chiao ChengPeng-Jen ChenWei-Kuo ChangChao-Feng ChangBackground and aims: Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder with rising global prevalence, marked by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fatigue. Interleukin (IL)-23 plays a pivotal role in Crohn’s disease pathogenesis, making it a therapeutic target. Risankizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-23 p19 subunit, has shown potential in clinical trials. Objectives: This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of Risankizumab in achieving clinical remission, clinical response, and endoscopic remission in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Data sources and methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing Risankizumab in Crohn’s disease. Primary outcomes were clinical remission, clinical response, and endoscopic remission, with secondary outcomes focusing on treatment-related adverse events. A random-effects model estimated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals. Meta-regression analyzed dose- and duration-dependent effects. Results: Four RCTs involving 1774 participants showed that Risankizumab significantly improved clinical remission (OR = 2.223), clinical response (OR = 2.483), and endoscopic remission (OR = 4.112). Dose-dependent improvements were observed, with treatment duration affecting clinical remission ( p  = 0.0158) but not clinical response or endoscopic remission. Adverse event rates were comparable between Risankizumab and placebo groups (OR = 0.872, p  = 0.592). Conclusion: Risankizumab is effective in achieving clinical and endoscopic outcomes in moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease, demonstrating dose-dependent benefits and a favorable safety profile, supporting its use as a therapeutic option. However, the limited number of studies may affect the robustness of these findings. Further large-scale RCTs are needed to validate its long-term efficacy, safety in elderly populations, and effectiveness in biologic-naïve patients. Trial registration: This systematic review and meta-analysis were registered with the INPLASY database under registration number INPLASY202530014. The full protocol is accessible at DOI: 10.37766/inplasy2025.3.0014.https://doi.org/10.1177/17562848251338743
spellingShingle Po-Feng Huang
Tien-Yu Huang
Yi-Chiao Cheng
Peng-Jen Chen
Wei-Kuo Chang
Chao-Feng Chang
Clinical insights into IL-23 inhibition: risankizumab for Crohn’s disease through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
title Clinical insights into IL-23 inhibition: risankizumab for Crohn’s disease through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
title_full Clinical insights into IL-23 inhibition: risankizumab for Crohn’s disease through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
title_fullStr Clinical insights into IL-23 inhibition: risankizumab for Crohn’s disease through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
title_full_unstemmed Clinical insights into IL-23 inhibition: risankizumab for Crohn’s disease through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
title_short Clinical insights into IL-23 inhibition: risankizumab for Crohn’s disease through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
title_sort clinical insights into il 23 inhibition risankizumab for crohn s disease through a systematic review and meta analysis of randomized controlled trials
url https://doi.org/10.1177/17562848251338743
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