Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Non- Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli in a Tertiary Hospital in India
Introduction: Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB), particularly the Acinetobacter baumannii complex (ABC) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are common causes of infections in both hospitalized patients and outpatients, posing significant clinical and therapeutic challenges. The primary object...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Pasteur Institute of Iran
2024-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-636-en.html |
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| Summary: | Introduction: Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB),
particularly the Acinetobacter baumannii complex (ABC) and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, are common causes of infections in both hospitalized patients
and outpatients, posing significant clinical and therapeutic challenges. The
primary objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of
NFGNB, specifically ABC and P. aeruginosa, isolated from pus specimens
obtained from both hospitalized patients and outpatients. Methods: This
study investigated the antibiotic resistance patterns of NFGNB, focusing on
ABC and P. aeruginosa, isolated from pus samples collected from both
hospitalized patients and outpatients. The isolates were tested for multidrug
resistance (MDR) and extensive drug resistance (XDR) using standardized
microbiological protocols. The data were analyzed using descriptive
statistics to summarize the findings. Results: Out of 1234 pus samples
received, 117 (9.5%) NFGNB were isolated, accounting for 30% of the total
Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) isolates. The majority of NFGNB (82.9%, n =
97/117) were isolated from inpatients, with surgical site infections being the
most common clinical condition (33.3%, n = 39/117). Among the NFGNB
isolates, P. aeruginosa was the predominant species (76.9%, n = 90/117),
followed by A. baumannii (22.2%, n = 26/117). Antimicrobial susceptibility
testing revealed that 37.7% (n = 34/90) of P. aeruginosa isolates were MDR
and 13% (n = 12/90) were XDR, while 65% (n = 17/26) of A. baumannii
isolates were MDR and 26.9% (n = 7/26) were XDR. Conclusion: This
study highlights the emergence of NFGNB as significant nosocomial
pathogens, exhibiting a high degree of resistance to commonly used
antibiotics. The findings underscore the urgent need to enhance and strictly
implement effective antibiotic stewardship policies, including the
development of new antibiotic regimens and antimicrobial resistance
surveillance programs, to combat the growing resistance of nosocomial
pathogens and ultimately improve patient outcomes. |
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| ISSN: | 2345-5349 2345-5330 |