Hyperuricemia in Children and Adolescents: Present Knowledge and Future Directions
Recent evidence suggests that hyperuricemia is an important condition in children and adolescents, particularly in association with noncommunicable diseases. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of this condition in pediatric patients. An analysis of serum uric acid reference valu...
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| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3480718 |
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| author | Masaru Kubota |
| author_facet | Masaru Kubota |
| author_sort | Masaru Kubota |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent evidence suggests that hyperuricemia is an important condition in children and adolescents, particularly in association with noncommunicable diseases. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of this condition in pediatric patients. An analysis of serum uric acid reference values in a healthy population indicates that they increase gradually with age until adolescence, with differences between the sexes arising at about 12 years of age. This information should be taken into consideration when defining hyperuricemia in studies. Gout is extremely rare in children and adolescents, and most patients with gout have an underlying disease. The major causes of hyperuricemia are chronic conditions, including Down syndrome, metabolic or genetic disease, and congenital heart disease, and acute conditions, including gastroenteritis, bronchial asthma (hypoxia), malignant disorders, and drug side effects. The mechanisms underlying the associations between these diseases and hyperuricemia are discussed, together with recent genetic information. Obesity is a major cause of hyperuricemia in otherwise healthy children and adolescents. Obesity is often accompanied by metabolic syndrome; hyperuricemia in obese children and adolescents is associated with the components of metabolic syndrome and noncommunicable diseases, including hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease. Finally, strategies for the treatment of hyperuricemia, including lifestyle intervention and drug administration, are presented. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5f216dcddeb54c4f812dee96de05dd07 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2090-0724 2090-0732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj-art-5f216dcddeb54c4f812dee96de05dd072025-08-20T02:35:16ZengWileyJournal of Nutrition and Metabolism2090-07242090-07322019-01-01201910.1155/2019/34807183480718Hyperuricemia in Children and Adolescents: Present Knowledge and Future DirectionsMasaru Kubota0Department of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Ohtsu, Shiga, JapanRecent evidence suggests that hyperuricemia is an important condition in children and adolescents, particularly in association with noncommunicable diseases. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of this condition in pediatric patients. An analysis of serum uric acid reference values in a healthy population indicates that they increase gradually with age until adolescence, with differences between the sexes arising at about 12 years of age. This information should be taken into consideration when defining hyperuricemia in studies. Gout is extremely rare in children and adolescents, and most patients with gout have an underlying disease. The major causes of hyperuricemia are chronic conditions, including Down syndrome, metabolic or genetic disease, and congenital heart disease, and acute conditions, including gastroenteritis, bronchial asthma (hypoxia), malignant disorders, and drug side effects. The mechanisms underlying the associations between these diseases and hyperuricemia are discussed, together with recent genetic information. Obesity is a major cause of hyperuricemia in otherwise healthy children and adolescents. Obesity is often accompanied by metabolic syndrome; hyperuricemia in obese children and adolescents is associated with the components of metabolic syndrome and noncommunicable diseases, including hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease. Finally, strategies for the treatment of hyperuricemia, including lifestyle intervention and drug administration, are presented.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3480718 |
| spellingShingle | Masaru Kubota Hyperuricemia in Children and Adolescents: Present Knowledge and Future Directions Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism |
| title | Hyperuricemia in Children and Adolescents: Present Knowledge and Future Directions |
| title_full | Hyperuricemia in Children and Adolescents: Present Knowledge and Future Directions |
| title_fullStr | Hyperuricemia in Children and Adolescents: Present Knowledge and Future Directions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hyperuricemia in Children and Adolescents: Present Knowledge and Future Directions |
| title_short | Hyperuricemia in Children and Adolescents: Present Knowledge and Future Directions |
| title_sort | hyperuricemia in children and adolescents present knowledge and future directions |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3480718 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT masarukubota hyperuricemiainchildrenandadolescentspresentknowledgeandfuturedirections |