Association Between Serum Albumin and Periodontitis Across Disease Subgroups: A Cross-Sectional Study
Purpose: This study examines the association between serum albumin (sALB) levels and periodontitis severity, focusing on subgroup differences and nonlinear relationships. It extends previous findings, which were limited to chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Materials and methods: This cross-sect...
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Elsevier
2025-08-01
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| Series: | International Dental Journal |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653925000978 |
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| author | Junwei Xiang Yuhang Cai Qingping Yu Zhongqing Zhu Yuanyin Wang Ran Chen |
| author_facet | Junwei Xiang Yuhang Cai Qingping Yu Zhongqing Zhu Yuanyin Wang Ran Chen |
| author_sort | Junwei Xiang |
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| description | Purpose: This study examines the association between serum albumin (sALB) levels and periodontitis severity, focusing on subgroup differences and nonlinear relationships. It extends previous findings, which were limited to chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from 8352 participants in the NHANES 2009 to 2014 survey cycles. sALB and periodontitis were the exposure and outcome variables. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline curves were used to investigate the relationship between the two. Additionally, subgroup and interaction analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the findings. All statistical analyses considered the complex survey design. Results: A significant negative association was observed between sALB and periodontitis status (aOR 0.94, 95% confidence intervals: 0.93-0.96, P value <.001). The strength of this association may be influenced by participants’ gender, CKD status, and hypertension status. Among participants with sALB levels below 35 g/L (defined as hypoalbuminemia), no significant association with periodontitis was observed, even in those with CKD. Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated an inverted U-shaped relationship between sALB levels and periodontitis, with a threshold effect at 38 g/L. Above this inflection point, higher sALB levels were significantly associated with a lower prevalence of periodontitis (P < .001). Conclusions: ALB levels were inversely associated with moderate and severe periodontitis, with an inverted U-shaped relationship observed in this study. The differences among subgroups warrant further research. Clinical relevance: Maintaining appropriate sALB levels may be beneficial for periodontal health. Further research is needed to confirm its role in periodontitis prevention and treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5ee0ce1756104ace80398d4e908b8ead |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0020-6539 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | International Dental Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-5ee0ce1756104ace80398d4e908b8ead2025-08-20T03:27:25ZengElsevierInternational Dental Journal0020-65392025-08-0175410080810.1016/j.identj.2025.03.017Association Between Serum Albumin and Periodontitis Across Disease Subgroups: A Cross-Sectional StudyJunwei Xiang0Yuhang Cai1Qingping Yu2Zhongqing Zhu3Yuanyin Wang4Ran Chen5College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, ChinaCollege & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, ChinaCollege & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, ChinaCollege & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, ChinaCorresponding author. College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.; College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, ChinaCorresponding author. College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.; College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, ChinaPurpose: This study examines the association between serum albumin (sALB) levels and periodontitis severity, focusing on subgroup differences and nonlinear relationships. It extends previous findings, which were limited to chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from 8352 participants in the NHANES 2009 to 2014 survey cycles. sALB and periodontitis were the exposure and outcome variables. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline curves were used to investigate the relationship between the two. Additionally, subgroup and interaction analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the findings. All statistical analyses considered the complex survey design. Results: A significant negative association was observed between sALB and periodontitis status (aOR 0.94, 95% confidence intervals: 0.93-0.96, P value <.001). The strength of this association may be influenced by participants’ gender, CKD status, and hypertension status. Among participants with sALB levels below 35 g/L (defined as hypoalbuminemia), no significant association with periodontitis was observed, even in those with CKD. Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated an inverted U-shaped relationship between sALB levels and periodontitis, with a threshold effect at 38 g/L. Above this inflection point, higher sALB levels were significantly associated with a lower prevalence of periodontitis (P < .001). Conclusions: ALB levels were inversely associated with moderate and severe periodontitis, with an inverted U-shaped relationship observed in this study. The differences among subgroups warrant further research. Clinical relevance: Maintaining appropriate sALB levels may be beneficial for periodontal health. Further research is needed to confirm its role in periodontitis prevention and treatment.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653925000978PeriodontitisAlbuminHypoalbuminemiaNonlinearPeriodontal health |
| spellingShingle | Junwei Xiang Yuhang Cai Qingping Yu Zhongqing Zhu Yuanyin Wang Ran Chen Association Between Serum Albumin and Periodontitis Across Disease Subgroups: A Cross-Sectional Study International Dental Journal Periodontitis Albumin Hypoalbuminemia Nonlinear Periodontal health |
| title | Association Between Serum Albumin and Periodontitis Across Disease Subgroups: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full | Association Between Serum Albumin and Periodontitis Across Disease Subgroups: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_fullStr | Association Between Serum Albumin and Periodontitis Across Disease Subgroups: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association Between Serum Albumin and Periodontitis Across Disease Subgroups: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_short | Association Between Serum Albumin and Periodontitis Across Disease Subgroups: A Cross-Sectional Study |
| title_sort | association between serum albumin and periodontitis across disease subgroups a cross sectional study |
| topic | Periodontitis Albumin Hypoalbuminemia Nonlinear Periodontal health |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020653925000978 |
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