Empowering China’s sustainable development through social-ecological networks

Abstract The ongoing reform of China’s spatial planning system significantly influences the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. By fostering positive economic, social, and environmental interactions among cities, China has gradually established a coupled-networks to coordinate economic and...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wuyang Hong, Yelin Li, Renzhong Guo, Bin Chen, Wenjia Zhang, Feixue Li, Shuwen Yang, Yuke Liu, Yingmei Zhao, Yurui Li, Shengbiao Wu, Biao He
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:npj Urban Sustainability
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42949-025-00236-6
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849399907329245184
author Wuyang Hong
Yelin Li
Renzhong Guo
Bin Chen
Wenjia Zhang
Feixue Li
Shuwen Yang
Yuke Liu
Yingmei Zhao
Yurui Li
Shengbiao Wu
Biao He
author_facet Wuyang Hong
Yelin Li
Renzhong Guo
Bin Chen
Wenjia Zhang
Feixue Li
Shuwen Yang
Yuke Liu
Yingmei Zhao
Yurui Li
Shengbiao Wu
Biao He
author_sort Wuyang Hong
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The ongoing reform of China’s spatial planning system significantly influences the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. By fostering positive economic, social, and environmental interactions among cities, China has gradually established a coupled-networks to coordinate economic and ecological development. However, the current planning evaluation research usually focuses on the interior of the city, and lacks the evaluation of the planning convergence between different cities the integrity of this coupling deployment across different cities remains unclear. We conducted a systematic evaluation of China’s territorial spatial planning documents (encompassing 2715 county-level administrative units), constructing inter-urban socio-ecological networks by employing cities and districts as nodal units, with development-oriented partnerships and conservation-focused alliances explicitly stipulated in planning policies serving as social and ecological edges respectively. These networks were subsequently compared against multiple networks derived from land use/cover change (LUCC) analyses through multidimensional comparative analysis. Results show that 69.5% of the planned networks are supported by LUCC data; however, 10.4% of county nodes were overlooked by the spatial plans. Therefore, a broader city/county network should be constructed with a focus on poverty-stricken counties that have fewer opportunities, while also strengthening cooperation with bordering countries to improve the stability and completeness of the intercity network. This study provides a reference blueprint for sustainable city construction worldwide, particularly in developing countries.
format Article
id doaj-art-5e97974d1dc742e5b9d1f25e22a31f6a
institution Kabale University
issn 2661-8001
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series npj Urban Sustainability
spelling doaj-art-5e97974d1dc742e5b9d1f25e22a31f6a2025-08-20T03:38:13ZengNature Portfolionpj Urban Sustainability2661-80012025-07-015111110.1038/s42949-025-00236-6Empowering China’s sustainable development through social-ecological networksWuyang Hong0Yelin Li1Renzhong Guo2Bin Chen3Wenjia Zhang4Feixue Li5Shuwen Yang6Yuke Liu7Yingmei Zhao8Yurui Li9Shengbiao Wu10Biao He11School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen UniversitySchool of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen UniversitySchool of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen UniversityFuture Urbanity and Sustainable Environment (FUSE) Lab, Division of Landscape Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong KongCollege of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji UniversityJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Technology, School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing UniversitySchool of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen UniversitySchool of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen UniversitySchool of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen UniversityInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuture Urbanity and Sustainable Environment (FUSE) Lab, Division of Landscape Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, The University of Hong KongSchool of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen UniversityAbstract The ongoing reform of China’s spatial planning system significantly influences the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. By fostering positive economic, social, and environmental interactions among cities, China has gradually established a coupled-networks to coordinate economic and ecological development. However, the current planning evaluation research usually focuses on the interior of the city, and lacks the evaluation of the planning convergence between different cities the integrity of this coupling deployment across different cities remains unclear. We conducted a systematic evaluation of China’s territorial spatial planning documents (encompassing 2715 county-level administrative units), constructing inter-urban socio-ecological networks by employing cities and districts as nodal units, with development-oriented partnerships and conservation-focused alliances explicitly stipulated in planning policies serving as social and ecological edges respectively. These networks were subsequently compared against multiple networks derived from land use/cover change (LUCC) analyses through multidimensional comparative analysis. Results show that 69.5% of the planned networks are supported by LUCC data; however, 10.4% of county nodes were overlooked by the spatial plans. Therefore, a broader city/county network should be constructed with a focus on poverty-stricken counties that have fewer opportunities, while also strengthening cooperation with bordering countries to improve the stability and completeness of the intercity network. This study provides a reference blueprint for sustainable city construction worldwide, particularly in developing countries.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42949-025-00236-6
spellingShingle Wuyang Hong
Yelin Li
Renzhong Guo
Bin Chen
Wenjia Zhang
Feixue Li
Shuwen Yang
Yuke Liu
Yingmei Zhao
Yurui Li
Shengbiao Wu
Biao He
Empowering China’s sustainable development through social-ecological networks
npj Urban Sustainability
title Empowering China’s sustainable development through social-ecological networks
title_full Empowering China’s sustainable development through social-ecological networks
title_fullStr Empowering China’s sustainable development through social-ecological networks
title_full_unstemmed Empowering China’s sustainable development through social-ecological networks
title_short Empowering China’s sustainable development through social-ecological networks
title_sort empowering china s sustainable development through social ecological networks
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s42949-025-00236-6
work_keys_str_mv AT wuyanghong empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT yelinli empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT renzhongguo empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT binchen empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT wenjiazhang empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT feixueli empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT shuwenyang empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT yukeliu empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT yingmeizhao empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT yuruili empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT shengbiaowu empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks
AT biaohe empoweringchinassustainabledevelopmentthroughsocialecologicalnetworks