Altered Immune Cell Profiles in the Follicular Fluid of Patients with Poor Ovarian Response According to the POSEIDON Criteria
Ling Zhou,1 Shuhua Zhao,1 Jiahuan Luo,1 Meng Rao,1 Shuangjuan Yang,2 Huawei Wang,1 Li Tang1 1Department of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 2The Core Technology Facility of Kunming Institute of Zoology (KIZ),...
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Dove Medical Press
2024-12-01
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| author | Zhou L Zhao S Luo J Rao M Yang S Wang H Tang L |
| author_facet | Zhou L Zhao S Luo J Rao M Yang S Wang H Tang L |
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| description | Ling Zhou,1 Shuhua Zhao,1 Jiahuan Luo,1 Meng Rao,1 Shuangjuan Yang,2 Huawei Wang,1 Li Tang1 1Department of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 2The Core Technology Facility of Kunming Institute of Zoology (KIZ), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Li Tang, Department of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, People’s Republic of China, Email tanglikm@163.comObjective: This study aims to investigate alterations in immune cell counts within preovulatory follicles of patients with poor ovarian response (POR) during assisted reproductive technology (ART), classified according to the POSEIDON criteria.Methods: This single-centre cross-sectional study included 543 women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment, selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria: 292 with normal ovarian response and 251 with poor response. Follicular fluid (FF) was collected on the day of oocyte retrieval and analysed by flow cytometry to determine the proportions of macrophages (M&phis;s), M1 and M2 M&phis;s, T cells (CD4 and CD8 T cells), dendritic cells (DCs), including type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) and type 2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2), and neutrophils. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the relationship between immune cell counts and POR, Pearson correlation determined associations with the number of retrieved oocytes, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves evaluated the predictive power of immune cell counts for POR.Results: Immune cells accounted for 52.57% (± 23.90%) of the total cell population in the follicular microenvironment, which was approximately equal to that of granulosa cells, with M&phis;s being the most abundant, followed sequentially by T cells, DCs, and neutrophils. In patients with POR, overall M&phis;s infiltration in the follicular microenvironment decreased, whereas M1 and M2 polarization increased. T cell infiltration increased, with a decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio. Both cDC1 and cDC2 were significantly elevated. Moreover, multivariable logistic regression revealed that the total macrophage count, CD4 T cell count, and cDC2 count were independent predictors of POR. Notably, cDC2 showed the largest area under the ROC curve, suggesting its strong potential as a biomarker for predicting POR.Conclusion: The proportion of immune cells in preovulatory follicles were significantly altered in patients with POR. These findings suggest that immune cell dynamics in the follicular microenvironment may play a crucial role in determining ovarian response and prognosis, indicating that targeted immunomodulatory strategies could be considered in future therapeutic approaches.Keywords: follicular fluid, immune cells, macrophages, T cells, dendritic cells, number of oocytes retrieved, low prognosis |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5e8a96189a7f4d7e8ed3ea54d45fdb4f |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-5e8a96189a7f4d7e8ed3ea54d45fdb4f2025-08-20T02:20:48ZengDove Medical PressJournal of Inflammation Research1178-70312024-12-01Volume 17106631067998131Altered Immune Cell Profiles in the Follicular Fluid of Patients with Poor Ovarian Response According to the POSEIDON CriteriaZhou LZhao SLuo JRao MYang SWang HTang LLing Zhou,1 Shuhua Zhao,1 Jiahuan Luo,1 Meng Rao,1 Shuangjuan Yang,2 Huawei Wang,1 Li Tang1 1Department of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China; 2The Core Technology Facility of Kunming Institute of Zoology (KIZ), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Li Tang, Department of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, People’s Republic of China, Email tanglikm@163.comObjective: This study aims to investigate alterations in immune cell counts within preovulatory follicles of patients with poor ovarian response (POR) during assisted reproductive technology (ART), classified according to the POSEIDON criteria.Methods: This single-centre cross-sectional study included 543 women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment, selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria: 292 with normal ovarian response and 251 with poor response. Follicular fluid (FF) was collected on the day of oocyte retrieval and analysed by flow cytometry to determine the proportions of macrophages (M&phis;s), M1 and M2 M&phis;s, T cells (CD4 and CD8 T cells), dendritic cells (DCs), including type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) and type 2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2), and neutrophils. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the relationship between immune cell counts and POR, Pearson correlation determined associations with the number of retrieved oocytes, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves evaluated the predictive power of immune cell counts for POR.Results: Immune cells accounted for 52.57% (± 23.90%) of the total cell population in the follicular microenvironment, which was approximately equal to that of granulosa cells, with M&phis;s being the most abundant, followed sequentially by T cells, DCs, and neutrophils. In patients with POR, overall M&phis;s infiltration in the follicular microenvironment decreased, whereas M1 and M2 polarization increased. T cell infiltration increased, with a decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio. Both cDC1 and cDC2 were significantly elevated. Moreover, multivariable logistic regression revealed that the total macrophage count, CD4 T cell count, and cDC2 count were independent predictors of POR. Notably, cDC2 showed the largest area under the ROC curve, suggesting its strong potential as a biomarker for predicting POR.Conclusion: The proportion of immune cells in preovulatory follicles were significantly altered in patients with POR. These findings suggest that immune cell dynamics in the follicular microenvironment may play a crucial role in determining ovarian response and prognosis, indicating that targeted immunomodulatory strategies could be considered in future therapeutic approaches.Keywords: follicular fluid, immune cells, macrophages, T cells, dendritic cells, number of oocytes retrieved, low prognosishttps://www.dovepress.com/altered-immune-cell-profiles-in-the-follicular-fluid-of-patients-with--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JIRfollicular fluidimmune cellsmacrophagest cellsdendritic cellsnumber of oocytes retrievedlow prognosis |
| spellingShingle | Zhou L Zhao S Luo J Rao M Yang S Wang H Tang L Altered Immune Cell Profiles in the Follicular Fluid of Patients with Poor Ovarian Response According to the POSEIDON Criteria Journal of Inflammation Research follicular fluid immune cells macrophages t cells dendritic cells number of oocytes retrieved low prognosis |
| title | Altered Immune Cell Profiles in the Follicular Fluid of Patients with Poor Ovarian Response According to the POSEIDON Criteria |
| title_full | Altered Immune Cell Profiles in the Follicular Fluid of Patients with Poor Ovarian Response According to the POSEIDON Criteria |
| title_fullStr | Altered Immune Cell Profiles in the Follicular Fluid of Patients with Poor Ovarian Response According to the POSEIDON Criteria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Altered Immune Cell Profiles in the Follicular Fluid of Patients with Poor Ovarian Response According to the POSEIDON Criteria |
| title_short | Altered Immune Cell Profiles in the Follicular Fluid of Patients with Poor Ovarian Response According to the POSEIDON Criteria |
| title_sort | altered immune cell profiles in the follicular fluid of patients with poor ovarian response according to the poseidon criteria |
| topic | follicular fluid immune cells macrophages t cells dendritic cells number of oocytes retrieved low prognosis |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/altered-immune-cell-profiles-in-the-follicular-fluid-of-patients-with--peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JIR |
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