Properties of Raw Saudi Arabian Grey Kaolin Studied by Pyrrole Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion of Methylbutynol

This current article demonstrates how X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) was employed to reveal the major constituents of a sample of natural grey Saudi kaolin. The XRF results showed that it contained 52.90 wt.% silica together with 14.84 wt.% alumina. Additionally, this paper presents a study o...

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Main Authors: Murad Alsawalha, Elaref Ratemi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2018-01-01
Series:Journal of Chemistry
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8656207
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author Murad Alsawalha
Elaref Ratemi
author_facet Murad Alsawalha
Elaref Ratemi
author_sort Murad Alsawalha
collection DOAJ
description This current article demonstrates how X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) was employed to reveal the major constituents of a sample of natural grey Saudi kaolin. The XRF results showed that it contained 52.90 wt.% silica together with 14.84 wt.% alumina. Additionally, this paper presents a study on the effect of holding times (i.e., 6, 12, 18, and 24 h) using pyrrole adsorption and methylbutynol test reaction (MBOH) on the Saudi grey kaolin (raw material). Temperature-programmed desorption of pyrrole (pyrrole-TPD) results indicated that increases in thermal conductivity detector (TCD) signals are directly proportional to increases in the heat activation holding time. Notably, a raw Saudi grey kaolin sample heated at a holding time of twenty-four hours resulted in the most intense TCD signal. Further, the MBOH transformations produced 3-methyl-3-buten-1-yne (MBYNE), as the main product, indicating the dehydration of MBOH due to the acidic sites of Saudi grey kaolin. The basic catalysis route was operative at the beginning of the reaction as acetone was observed only during the initial thirty-five minutes of the reaction then later dispersed entirely. Its disappearance is attributed to the high silica content of the test sample.
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spelling doaj-art-5e369398f64d481090d7002cfb68be342025-08-20T02:06:03ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90632090-90712018-01-01201810.1155/2018/86562078656207Properties of Raw Saudi Arabian Grey Kaolin Studied by Pyrrole Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion of MethylbutynolMurad Alsawalha0Elaref Ratemi1Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College, P.O. Box 10099, Jubail 31961, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Jubail Industrial College, P.O. Box 10099, Jubail 31961, Saudi ArabiaThis current article demonstrates how X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) was employed to reveal the major constituents of a sample of natural grey Saudi kaolin. The XRF results showed that it contained 52.90 wt.% silica together with 14.84 wt.% alumina. Additionally, this paper presents a study on the effect of holding times (i.e., 6, 12, 18, and 24 h) using pyrrole adsorption and methylbutynol test reaction (MBOH) on the Saudi grey kaolin (raw material). Temperature-programmed desorption of pyrrole (pyrrole-TPD) results indicated that increases in thermal conductivity detector (TCD) signals are directly proportional to increases in the heat activation holding time. Notably, a raw Saudi grey kaolin sample heated at a holding time of twenty-four hours resulted in the most intense TCD signal. Further, the MBOH transformations produced 3-methyl-3-buten-1-yne (MBYNE), as the main product, indicating the dehydration of MBOH due to the acidic sites of Saudi grey kaolin. The basic catalysis route was operative at the beginning of the reaction as acetone was observed only during the initial thirty-five minutes of the reaction then later dispersed entirely. Its disappearance is attributed to the high silica content of the test sample.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8656207
spellingShingle Murad Alsawalha
Elaref Ratemi
Properties of Raw Saudi Arabian Grey Kaolin Studied by Pyrrole Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion of Methylbutynol
Journal of Chemistry
title Properties of Raw Saudi Arabian Grey Kaolin Studied by Pyrrole Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion of Methylbutynol
title_full Properties of Raw Saudi Arabian Grey Kaolin Studied by Pyrrole Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion of Methylbutynol
title_fullStr Properties of Raw Saudi Arabian Grey Kaolin Studied by Pyrrole Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion of Methylbutynol
title_full_unstemmed Properties of Raw Saudi Arabian Grey Kaolin Studied by Pyrrole Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion of Methylbutynol
title_short Properties of Raw Saudi Arabian Grey Kaolin Studied by Pyrrole Adsorption and Catalytic Conversion of Methylbutynol
title_sort properties of raw saudi arabian grey kaolin studied by pyrrole adsorption and catalytic conversion of methylbutynol
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8656207
work_keys_str_mv AT muradalsawalha propertiesofrawsaudiarabiangreykaolinstudiedbypyrroleadsorptionandcatalyticconversionofmethylbutynol
AT elarefratemi propertiesofrawsaudiarabiangreykaolinstudiedbypyrroleadsorptionandcatalyticconversionofmethylbutynol