Neonatal Septicemia in Nepal: Early-Onset versus Late-Onset

Introduction. Neonatal septicemia is defined as infection in the first 28 days of life. Early-onset neonatal septicemia and late-onset neonatal septicemia are defined as illnesses appearing from birth to three days and from four to twenty-eight days postnatally, respectively. Methods. In this cross-...

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Main Authors: Shamshul Ansari, Hari Prasad Nepal, Rajendra Gautam, Sony Shrestha, Puja Neopane, Moti Lal Chapagain
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2015-01-01
Series:International Journal of Pediatrics
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/379806
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author Shamshul Ansari
Hari Prasad Nepal
Rajendra Gautam
Sony Shrestha
Puja Neopane
Moti Lal Chapagain
author_facet Shamshul Ansari
Hari Prasad Nepal
Rajendra Gautam
Sony Shrestha
Puja Neopane
Moti Lal Chapagain
author_sort Shamshul Ansari
collection DOAJ
description Introduction. Neonatal septicemia is defined as infection in the first 28 days of life. Early-onset neonatal septicemia and late-onset neonatal septicemia are defined as illnesses appearing from birth to three days and from four to twenty-eight days postnatally, respectively. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, blood samples from the suspected infants were collected and processed in the bacteriology laboratory. The growth was identified by standard microbiological protocol and the antibiotic sensitivity testing was carried out by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results. Among total suspected cases, the septicemia was confirmed in 116 (12.6%) neonates. Early-onset septicemia (EOS) was observed in 82 infants and late-onset septicemia (LOS) in 34 infants. Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) (46.6%) was the predominant Gram-positive organism isolated from EOS as well as from LOS cases followed by Staphylococcus aureus (14.6%). Acinetobacter species (9.5%) was the predominant Gram-negative organism followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.7%). Conclusions. The result of our study reveals that the CoNS, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp., and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common etiological agents of neonatal septicemia. In particular, since rate of CoNS causing sepsis is alarming, prompting concern to curb the excess burden of CoNS infection is necessary.
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spelling doaj-art-5e20c821e7894cf68b07dd95bc9f26b32025-02-03T01:27:34ZengWileyInternational Journal of Pediatrics1687-97401687-97592015-01-01201510.1155/2015/379806379806Neonatal Septicemia in Nepal: Early-Onset versus Late-OnsetShamshul Ansari0Hari Prasad Nepal1Rajendra Gautam2Sony Shrestha3Puja Neopane4Moti Lal Chapagain5Department of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, NepalDepartment of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, NepalDepartment of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, NepalDepartment of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, NepalDepartment of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, NepalDepartment of Microbiology, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan, NepalIntroduction. Neonatal septicemia is defined as infection in the first 28 days of life. Early-onset neonatal septicemia and late-onset neonatal septicemia are defined as illnesses appearing from birth to three days and from four to twenty-eight days postnatally, respectively. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, blood samples from the suspected infants were collected and processed in the bacteriology laboratory. The growth was identified by standard microbiological protocol and the antibiotic sensitivity testing was carried out by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results. Among total suspected cases, the septicemia was confirmed in 116 (12.6%) neonates. Early-onset septicemia (EOS) was observed in 82 infants and late-onset septicemia (LOS) in 34 infants. Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) (46.6%) was the predominant Gram-positive organism isolated from EOS as well as from LOS cases followed by Staphylococcus aureus (14.6%). Acinetobacter species (9.5%) was the predominant Gram-negative organism followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.7%). Conclusions. The result of our study reveals that the CoNS, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp., and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common etiological agents of neonatal septicemia. In particular, since rate of CoNS causing sepsis is alarming, prompting concern to curb the excess burden of CoNS infection is necessary.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/379806
spellingShingle Shamshul Ansari
Hari Prasad Nepal
Rajendra Gautam
Sony Shrestha
Puja Neopane
Moti Lal Chapagain
Neonatal Septicemia in Nepal: Early-Onset versus Late-Onset
International Journal of Pediatrics
title Neonatal Septicemia in Nepal: Early-Onset versus Late-Onset
title_full Neonatal Septicemia in Nepal: Early-Onset versus Late-Onset
title_fullStr Neonatal Septicemia in Nepal: Early-Onset versus Late-Onset
title_full_unstemmed Neonatal Septicemia in Nepal: Early-Onset versus Late-Onset
title_short Neonatal Septicemia in Nepal: Early-Onset versus Late-Onset
title_sort neonatal septicemia in nepal early onset versus late onset
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/379806
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AT sonyshrestha neonatalsepticemiainnepalearlyonsetversuslateonset
AT pujaneopane neonatalsepticemiainnepalearlyonsetversuslateonset
AT motilalchapagain neonatalsepticemiainnepalearlyonsetversuslateonset