Angular distribution dependence of W migration on the ITER divertor from ERO2.0 simulations

The tungsten (W) surface of the ITER divertor might provide suitable surface temperatures and helium (He) influxes for the formation of microscopic fuzz structures. The change of surface morphology can influence the angular distribution of the sputtered W, and thus might alter the migration of W on...

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Main Authors: F. Chang, D. Nishijima, M.I. Patino, M.J. Baldwin, J. Romazanov, W. Möller, G.R. Tynan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:Nuclear Fusion
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/adecb3
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author F. Chang
D. Nishijima
M.I. Patino
M.J. Baldwin
J. Romazanov
W. Möller
G.R. Tynan
author_facet F. Chang
D. Nishijima
M.I. Patino
M.J. Baldwin
J. Romazanov
W. Möller
G.R. Tynan
author_sort F. Chang
collection DOAJ
description The tungsten (W) surface of the ITER divertor might provide suitable surface temperatures and helium (He) influxes for the formation of microscopic fuzz structures. The change of surface morphology can influence the angular distribution of the sputtered W, and thus might alter the migration of W on the divertor. In this work, the influence of angular distribution of sputtered W atoms on the migration of W in the ITER divertor region has been investigated with ERO2.0 simulations. Using unidirectional angular distributions, it is demonstrated that, while the migration of W ions is restricted by the field lines and thus not sensitive to the angular distribution, the migration of neutral W atoms is determined by the direction of their initial velocity due to the line-of-sight redeposition mechanism. Neutral atom deposition at a location far from the erosion location is suppressed by ionization of atoms. Angular distributions of W sputtered from a flat surface and a fuzzy surface are obtained with TRI3DYN simulations assuming W sputtering by neon (Ne) ions, the energy and angular distributions of which are obtained from a Monte–Carlo simulation of their motions in the magnetic presheath. The flat surface favors sputtering in the forward direction of the incident Ne ions, while the fuzzy surface enhances sputtering in the backward direction. Despite the clear differences in their angular distributions, the deposition profiles from the two surface types are not significantly different because the suppression of neutral atom deposition caused by ionization dominates the deposition profile, resulting in the neutral atom deposition peaking close to the strike points regardless of the angular distributions. The results imply that the angular distribution changes caused by the formation of fuzz on the divertor region might not significantly affect the W migration in the ITER tokamak.
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spelling doaj-art-5da0497796334ac08fe97db87b68ab632025-08-20T03:13:07ZengIOP PublishingNuclear Fusion0029-55152025-01-0165808601610.1088/1741-4326/adecb3Angular distribution dependence of W migration on the ITER divertor from ERO2.0 simulationsF. Chang0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8204-3850D. Nishijima1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3119-4827M.I. Patino2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2622-7110M.J. Baldwin3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6335-2255J. Romazanov4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9439-786XW. Möller5G.R. Tynan6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7461-4871Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, CA 92093-0411, United States of AmericaCenter for Energy Research, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, CA 92093-0417, United States of AmericaCenter for Energy Research, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, CA 92093-0417, United States of AmericaCenter for Energy Research, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, CA 92093-0417, United States of AmericaInstitute of Fusion Energy and Nuclear Waste Management, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, GermanyInstitute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , 01328 Dresden, GermanyDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, CA 92093-0411, United States of America; Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, CA 92093-0417, United States of AmericaThe tungsten (W) surface of the ITER divertor might provide suitable surface temperatures and helium (He) influxes for the formation of microscopic fuzz structures. The change of surface morphology can influence the angular distribution of the sputtered W, and thus might alter the migration of W on the divertor. In this work, the influence of angular distribution of sputtered W atoms on the migration of W in the ITER divertor region has been investigated with ERO2.0 simulations. Using unidirectional angular distributions, it is demonstrated that, while the migration of W ions is restricted by the field lines and thus not sensitive to the angular distribution, the migration of neutral W atoms is determined by the direction of their initial velocity due to the line-of-sight redeposition mechanism. Neutral atom deposition at a location far from the erosion location is suppressed by ionization of atoms. Angular distributions of W sputtered from a flat surface and a fuzzy surface are obtained with TRI3DYN simulations assuming W sputtering by neon (Ne) ions, the energy and angular distributions of which are obtained from a Monte–Carlo simulation of their motions in the magnetic presheath. The flat surface favors sputtering in the forward direction of the incident Ne ions, while the fuzzy surface enhances sputtering in the backward direction. Despite the clear differences in their angular distributions, the deposition profiles from the two surface types are not significantly different because the suppression of neutral atom deposition caused by ionization dominates the deposition profile, resulting in the neutral atom deposition peaking close to the strike points regardless of the angular distributions. The results imply that the angular distribution changes caused by the formation of fuzz on the divertor region might not significantly affect the W migration in the ITER tokamak.https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/adecb3physical sputteringangular distributionfuzztokamakimpurity transportTRI3DYN
spellingShingle F. Chang
D. Nishijima
M.I. Patino
M.J. Baldwin
J. Romazanov
W. Möller
G.R. Tynan
Angular distribution dependence of W migration on the ITER divertor from ERO2.0 simulations
Nuclear Fusion
physical sputtering
angular distribution
fuzz
tokamak
impurity transport
TRI3DYN
title Angular distribution dependence of W migration on the ITER divertor from ERO2.0 simulations
title_full Angular distribution dependence of W migration on the ITER divertor from ERO2.0 simulations
title_fullStr Angular distribution dependence of W migration on the ITER divertor from ERO2.0 simulations
title_full_unstemmed Angular distribution dependence of W migration on the ITER divertor from ERO2.0 simulations
title_short Angular distribution dependence of W migration on the ITER divertor from ERO2.0 simulations
title_sort angular distribution dependence of w migration on the iter divertor from ero2 0 simulations
topic physical sputtering
angular distribution
fuzz
tokamak
impurity transport
TRI3DYN
url https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/adecb3
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