DROID: discrete-time simulation for ring-oscillator-based Ising design
Abstract Many combinatorial problems can be mapped to Ising machines, i.e., networks of coupled oscillators that settle to a minimum-energy ground state, from which the problem solution is inferred. This work proposes DROID, a novel event-driven method for simulating the evolution of a CMOS Ising ma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00037-y |
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| _version_ | 1849704174873214976 |
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| author | Abhimanyu Kumar Ramprasath S. Chris H. Kim Ulya R. Karpuzcu Sachin S. Sapatnekar |
| author_facet | Abhimanyu Kumar Ramprasath S. Chris H. Kim Ulya R. Karpuzcu Sachin S. Sapatnekar |
| author_sort | Abhimanyu Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Many combinatorial problems can be mapped to Ising machines, i.e., networks of coupled oscillators that settle to a minimum-energy ground state, from which the problem solution is inferred. This work proposes DROID, a novel event-driven method for simulating the evolution of a CMOS Ising machine to its ground state. The approach is accurate under general delay-phase relations that include the effects of the transistor nonlinearities and is computationally efficient. On a realistic-size all-to-all coupled ring oscillator array, DROID is nearly four orders of magnitude faster than a traditional HSPICE simulation and two orders of magnitude faster than a commercial fast SPICE solver in predicting the evolution of a coupled oscillator system and is demonstrated to attain a similar distribution of solutions as the hardware. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5d982c726e004b56967a0cebdee7e895 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-5d982c726e004b56967a0cebdee7e8952025-08-20T03:16:51ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-05-0115111610.1038/s41598-025-00037-yDROID: discrete-time simulation for ring-oscillator-based Ising designAbhimanyu Kumar0Ramprasath S.1Chris H. Kim2Ulya R. Karpuzcu3Sachin S. Sapatnekar4University of MinnesotaIndian Institute of Technology MadrasUniversity of MinnesotaUniversity of MinnesotaUniversity of MinnesotaAbstract Many combinatorial problems can be mapped to Ising machines, i.e., networks of coupled oscillators that settle to a minimum-energy ground state, from which the problem solution is inferred. This work proposes DROID, a novel event-driven method for simulating the evolution of a CMOS Ising machine to its ground state. The approach is accurate under general delay-phase relations that include the effects of the transistor nonlinearities and is computationally efficient. On a realistic-size all-to-all coupled ring oscillator array, DROID is nearly four orders of magnitude faster than a traditional HSPICE simulation and two orders of magnitude faster than a commercial fast SPICE solver in predicting the evolution of a coupled oscillator system and is demonstrated to attain a similar distribution of solutions as the hardware.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00037-y |
| spellingShingle | Abhimanyu Kumar Ramprasath S. Chris H. Kim Ulya R. Karpuzcu Sachin S. Sapatnekar DROID: discrete-time simulation for ring-oscillator-based Ising design Scientific Reports |
| title | DROID: discrete-time simulation for ring-oscillator-based Ising design |
| title_full | DROID: discrete-time simulation for ring-oscillator-based Ising design |
| title_fullStr | DROID: discrete-time simulation for ring-oscillator-based Ising design |
| title_full_unstemmed | DROID: discrete-time simulation for ring-oscillator-based Ising design |
| title_short | DROID: discrete-time simulation for ring-oscillator-based Ising design |
| title_sort | droid discrete time simulation for ring oscillator based ising design |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-00037-y |
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