AI-based body composition analysis of CT data has the potential to predict disease course in patients with multiple myeloma

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of a volumetric AI-based body composition analysis (BCA) algorithm in multiple myeloma (MM). Therefore, a retrospective monocentric cohort of 91 MM patients was analyzed. The BCA algorithm, powered by a convolutional neural network, quantifi...

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Main Authors: Franz Wegner, Malte Maria Sieren, Hanna Grasshoff, Lennart Berkel, Christoph Rowold, Marcel Philipp Röttgerding, Soleiman Khalil, Sam Mogadas, Felix Nensa, René Hosch, Gabriela Riemekasten, Anna Franziska Hamm, Nikolas von Bubnoff, Jörg Barkhausen, Roman Kloeckner, Cyrus Khandanpour, Theo Leitner
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11560-3
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author Franz Wegner
Malte Maria Sieren
Hanna Grasshoff
Lennart Berkel
Christoph Rowold
Marcel Philipp Röttgerding
Soleiman Khalil
Sam Mogadas
Felix Nensa
René Hosch
Gabriela Riemekasten
Anna Franziska Hamm
Nikolas von Bubnoff
Jörg Barkhausen
Roman Kloeckner
Cyrus Khandanpour
Theo Leitner
author_facet Franz Wegner
Malte Maria Sieren
Hanna Grasshoff
Lennart Berkel
Christoph Rowold
Marcel Philipp Röttgerding
Soleiman Khalil
Sam Mogadas
Felix Nensa
René Hosch
Gabriela Riemekasten
Anna Franziska Hamm
Nikolas von Bubnoff
Jörg Barkhausen
Roman Kloeckner
Cyrus Khandanpour
Theo Leitner
author_sort Franz Wegner
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of a volumetric AI-based body composition analysis (BCA) algorithm in multiple myeloma (MM). Therefore, a retrospective monocentric cohort of 91 MM patients was analyzed. The BCA algorithm, powered by a convolutional neural network, quantified tissue compartments and bone density based on routine CT scans. Correlations between BCA data and demographic/clinical parameters were investigated. BCA-endotypes were identified and survival rates were compared between BCA-derived patient clusters. Patients with high-risk cytogenetics exhibited elevated cardiac marker index values. Across Revised-International Staging System (R-ISS) categories, BCA parameters did not show significant differences. However, both subcutaneous and total adipose tissue volumes were significantly lower in patients with progressive disease or death during follow-up compared to patients without progression. Cluster analysis revealed two distinct BCA-endotypes, with one group displaying significantly better survival. Furthermore, a combined model composed of clinical parameters and BCA data demonstrated a higher predictive capability for disease progression compared to models based solely on high-risk cytogenetics or R-ISS. These findings underscore the potential of BCA to improve patient stratification and refining prognostic models in MM.
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institution Kabale University
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spelling doaj-art-5cee6133d78f4f899063d17c5b4a09f02025-08-20T03:46:04ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-11560-3AI-based body composition analysis of CT data has the potential to predict disease course in patients with multiple myelomaFranz Wegner0Malte Maria Sieren1Hanna Grasshoff2Lennart Berkel3Christoph Rowold4Marcel Philipp Röttgerding5Soleiman Khalil6Sam Mogadas7Felix Nensa8René Hosch9Gabriela Riemekasten10Anna Franziska Hamm11Nikolas von Bubnoff12Jörg Barkhausen13Roman Kloeckner14Cyrus Khandanpour15Theo Leitner16Institute of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinInstitute of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinClinic of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinInstitute of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of LübeckDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of LübeckDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of LübeckInstitute of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital EssenInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital EssenClinic of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of LübeckDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of LübeckInstitute of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinInstitute of Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Schleswig-HolsteinDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of LübeckDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of LübeckAbstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of a volumetric AI-based body composition analysis (BCA) algorithm in multiple myeloma (MM). Therefore, a retrospective monocentric cohort of 91 MM patients was analyzed. The BCA algorithm, powered by a convolutional neural network, quantified tissue compartments and bone density based on routine CT scans. Correlations between BCA data and demographic/clinical parameters were investigated. BCA-endotypes were identified and survival rates were compared between BCA-derived patient clusters. Patients with high-risk cytogenetics exhibited elevated cardiac marker index values. Across Revised-International Staging System (R-ISS) categories, BCA parameters did not show significant differences. However, both subcutaneous and total adipose tissue volumes were significantly lower in patients with progressive disease or death during follow-up compared to patients without progression. Cluster analysis revealed two distinct BCA-endotypes, with one group displaying significantly better survival. Furthermore, a combined model composed of clinical parameters and BCA data demonstrated a higher predictive capability for disease progression compared to models based solely on high-risk cytogenetics or R-ISS. These findings underscore the potential of BCA to improve patient stratification and refining prognostic models in MM.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11560-3
spellingShingle Franz Wegner
Malte Maria Sieren
Hanna Grasshoff
Lennart Berkel
Christoph Rowold
Marcel Philipp Röttgerding
Soleiman Khalil
Sam Mogadas
Felix Nensa
René Hosch
Gabriela Riemekasten
Anna Franziska Hamm
Nikolas von Bubnoff
Jörg Barkhausen
Roman Kloeckner
Cyrus Khandanpour
Theo Leitner
AI-based body composition analysis of CT data has the potential to predict disease course in patients with multiple myeloma
Scientific Reports
title AI-based body composition analysis of CT data has the potential to predict disease course in patients with multiple myeloma
title_full AI-based body composition analysis of CT data has the potential to predict disease course in patients with multiple myeloma
title_fullStr AI-based body composition analysis of CT data has the potential to predict disease course in patients with multiple myeloma
title_full_unstemmed AI-based body composition analysis of CT data has the potential to predict disease course in patients with multiple myeloma
title_short AI-based body composition analysis of CT data has the potential to predict disease course in patients with multiple myeloma
title_sort ai based body composition analysis of ct data has the potential to predict disease course in patients with multiple myeloma
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11560-3
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