Vegetable Commodity Organ Quality Formation Simulation Model (VQSM) in Solar Greenhouses
Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.) and celery (<i>Apium graveolens</i> L.) are among the most widely cultivated vegetable crops, belonging to the melon and leafy vegetable categories, respectively. This study aims to provide predictions for the quality formation of greenhou...
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MDPI AG
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/9/1531 |
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| author | Chen Cheng Liping Feng Chaoyang Dong Xianguan Chen Feiyun Yang Lu Wu Jing Yang Chengsen Zhao Guoyin Yuan Zhenfa Li |
| author_facet | Chen Cheng Liping Feng Chaoyang Dong Xianguan Chen Feiyun Yang Lu Wu Jing Yang Chengsen Zhao Guoyin Yuan Zhenfa Li |
| author_sort | Chen Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.) and celery (<i>Apium graveolens</i> L.) are among the most widely cultivated vegetable crops, belonging to the melon and leafy vegetable categories, respectively. This study aims to provide predictions for the quality formation of greenhouse cucumber and celery, as well as technical support for intelligent vegetable production management. Based on the light and temperature response characteristics of cucumber and celery growth and development and using the experimental varieties ‘Jinsheng 206’ for cucumber and ‘Juventus’ for celery, the observational data from a five-cropping season trial over 2 years were utilized. By analyzing the relationship between the growth and development of vegetables and key meteorological factors (radiation and temperature), simulation models for quality formation were constructed using the day–night temperature difference method (<i>ATD</i>) and the product of thermal effectiveness and the photosynthetically active method (<i>TEP</i>) as independent variables. The model parameters were determined and the model was validated using independent trial data. The results showed the following: (1) There exist quantifiable relationships between different quality indicators and <i>ATD</i> or <i>TEP</i>. These relationships are mainly presented through linear functions, exponential functions, logarithmic function, and logical functions. (2) The normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of the cucumber quality model ranges from 1.13% to 29.53%, and the NRMSE of the celery quality model ranges from 1.63% to 31.47%. (3) Based on two kinds of normalization methods, the average NRMSE of the VQSM model is 13.72%, demonstrating a relatively high level of accuracy in simulation. These results demonstrate that the proposed model can dynamically and accurately simulate the quality formation process of vegetables, providing a theoretical basis and data support for the research on productivity and the economic benefits of greenhouse crops. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5ce4fd22c6dc47de810be2e0f57dc0d2 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj-art-5ce4fd22c6dc47de810be2e0f57dc0d22025-08-20T01:56:09ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722024-09-01149153110.3390/agriculture14091531Vegetable Commodity Organ Quality Formation Simulation Model (VQSM) in Solar GreenhousesChen Cheng0Liping Feng1Chaoyang Dong2Xianguan Chen3Feiyun Yang4Lu Wu5Jing Yang6Chengsen Zhao7Guoyin Yuan8Zhenfa Li9College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaTianjin Climate Center, Tianjin 300074, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Training Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Training Center, Beijing 100081, ChinaCollege of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, ChinaCollege of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, ChinaCollege of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui 323000, ChinaTianjin Climate Center, Tianjin 300074, ChinaCucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i> L.) and celery (<i>Apium graveolens</i> L.) are among the most widely cultivated vegetable crops, belonging to the melon and leafy vegetable categories, respectively. This study aims to provide predictions for the quality formation of greenhouse cucumber and celery, as well as technical support for intelligent vegetable production management. Based on the light and temperature response characteristics of cucumber and celery growth and development and using the experimental varieties ‘Jinsheng 206’ for cucumber and ‘Juventus’ for celery, the observational data from a five-cropping season trial over 2 years were utilized. By analyzing the relationship between the growth and development of vegetables and key meteorological factors (radiation and temperature), simulation models for quality formation were constructed using the day–night temperature difference method (<i>ATD</i>) and the product of thermal effectiveness and the photosynthetically active method (<i>TEP</i>) as independent variables. The model parameters were determined and the model was validated using independent trial data. The results showed the following: (1) There exist quantifiable relationships between different quality indicators and <i>ATD</i> or <i>TEP</i>. These relationships are mainly presented through linear functions, exponential functions, logarithmic function, and logical functions. (2) The normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of the cucumber quality model ranges from 1.13% to 29.53%, and the NRMSE of the celery quality model ranges from 1.63% to 31.47%. (3) Based on two kinds of normalization methods, the average NRMSE of the VQSM model is 13.72%, demonstrating a relatively high level of accuracy in simulation. These results demonstrate that the proposed model can dynamically and accurately simulate the quality formation process of vegetables, providing a theoretical basis and data support for the research on productivity and the economic benefits of greenhouse crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/9/1531cucumberceleryday–night temperature differenceproduct of thermal effectiveness and photosynthetically active methodappearance qualityphysicochemical quality |
| spellingShingle | Chen Cheng Liping Feng Chaoyang Dong Xianguan Chen Feiyun Yang Lu Wu Jing Yang Chengsen Zhao Guoyin Yuan Zhenfa Li Vegetable Commodity Organ Quality Formation Simulation Model (VQSM) in Solar Greenhouses Agriculture cucumber celery day–night temperature difference product of thermal effectiveness and photosynthetically active method appearance quality physicochemical quality |
| title | Vegetable Commodity Organ Quality Formation Simulation Model (VQSM) in Solar Greenhouses |
| title_full | Vegetable Commodity Organ Quality Formation Simulation Model (VQSM) in Solar Greenhouses |
| title_fullStr | Vegetable Commodity Organ Quality Formation Simulation Model (VQSM) in Solar Greenhouses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vegetable Commodity Organ Quality Formation Simulation Model (VQSM) in Solar Greenhouses |
| title_short | Vegetable Commodity Organ Quality Formation Simulation Model (VQSM) in Solar Greenhouses |
| title_sort | vegetable commodity organ quality formation simulation model vqsm in solar greenhouses |
| topic | cucumber celery day–night temperature difference product of thermal effectiveness and photosynthetically active method appearance quality physicochemical quality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/9/1531 |
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