Nutritional knowledge and behaviours among adolescents in Calabar: Towards prevention of diet-related noncommunicable diseases

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and obesity are major global health concerns currently. Adolescents are also increasingly exposed to NCD risk factors due to poor dietary habits and lifestyle choices that they are exposed to during this...

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Main Authors: Danjuma DS, Odiba EE, Fele VO, Onyenweaku EO
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nigerian Medical Association, Akwa Ibom State Branch 2025-07-01
Series:Ibom Medical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:http://ojs.ibommedicaljournal.org/ojs/index.php/imjhome/article/view/697
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author Danjuma DS
Odiba EE
Fele VO
Onyenweaku EO
author_facet Danjuma DS
Odiba EE
Fele VO
Onyenweaku EO
author_sort Danjuma DS
collection DOAJ
description Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and obesity are major global health concerns currently. Adolescents are also increasingly exposed to NCD risk factors due to poor dietary habits and lifestyle choices that they are exposed to during this formative period. These unhealthy dietary and lifestyle habits include low fruit and vegetable consumption, frequent intake of sugary, highly processed foods and physical inactivity. Objectives: This study assessed the level of nutrition awareness and dietary practices related to NCDs among secondary school students in public and private schools in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 300 students from both public and private secondary schools. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection; this was analyzed using SPSS version 25. The study findings were presented using frequencies, percentages. Results: Among the participants, 39.3% had a good understanding of the link between nutrition and NCD risks, 38% scored average, while 22.7% scored low. Only 21.3% reportedly practiced good dietary habits. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship found between nutrition awareness and dietary practices (P = 0.291) or between dietary habits and health status (P = 0.882). Students in private schools showed greater awareness of diet and non-communicable diseases than those in the public schools (P = 0.650). Conclusion: There was low level of awareness regarding diet and NCD. Consequently, developing nutrition education programmes and strategies aimed at increasing nutrition awareness, healthy dietary choices and practices among adolescents, is highly recommended.
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spelling doaj-art-5cdafcc01c1c497d8d0648e8f0836eda2025-08-20T03:44:55ZengNigerian Medical Association, Akwa Ibom State BranchIbom Medical Journal1597-71882735-99642025-07-0118310.61386/imj.v18i3.697Nutritional knowledge and behaviours among adolescents in Calabar: Towards prevention of diet-related noncommunicable diseasesDanjuma DS0Odiba EE1Fele VO2Onyenweaku EO3Department of Public Health, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Calabar, NigeriaDepartment of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Calabar, NigeriaDepartment of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Calabar, NigeriaFood Evolution Research Laboratory, School of Tourism and Hospitality, College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and obesity are major global health concerns currently. Adolescents are also increasingly exposed to NCD risk factors due to poor dietary habits and lifestyle choices that they are exposed to during this formative period. These unhealthy dietary and lifestyle habits include low fruit and vegetable consumption, frequent intake of sugary, highly processed foods and physical inactivity. Objectives: This study assessed the level of nutrition awareness and dietary practices related to NCDs among secondary school students in public and private schools in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 300 students from both public and private secondary schools. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection; this was analyzed using SPSS version 25. The study findings were presented using frequencies, percentages. Results: Among the participants, 39.3% had a good understanding of the link between nutrition and NCD risks, 38% scored average, while 22.7% scored low. Only 21.3% reportedly practiced good dietary habits. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship found between nutrition awareness and dietary practices (P = 0.291) or between dietary habits and health status (P = 0.882). Students in private schools showed greater awareness of diet and non-communicable diseases than those in the public schools (P = 0.650). Conclusion: There was low level of awareness regarding diet and NCD. Consequently, developing nutrition education programmes and strategies aimed at increasing nutrition awareness, healthy dietary choices and practices among adolescents, is highly recommended. http://ojs.ibommedicaljournal.org/ojs/index.php/imjhome/article/view/697NCDsNutritionAwarenessAdolescentsPrevention
spellingShingle Danjuma DS
Odiba EE
Fele VO
Onyenweaku EO
Nutritional knowledge and behaviours among adolescents in Calabar: Towards prevention of diet-related noncommunicable diseases
Ibom Medical Journal
NCDs
Nutrition
Awareness
Adolescents
Prevention
title Nutritional knowledge and behaviours among adolescents in Calabar: Towards prevention of diet-related noncommunicable diseases
title_full Nutritional knowledge and behaviours among adolescents in Calabar: Towards prevention of diet-related noncommunicable diseases
title_fullStr Nutritional knowledge and behaviours among adolescents in Calabar: Towards prevention of diet-related noncommunicable diseases
title_full_unstemmed Nutritional knowledge and behaviours among adolescents in Calabar: Towards prevention of diet-related noncommunicable diseases
title_short Nutritional knowledge and behaviours among adolescents in Calabar: Towards prevention of diet-related noncommunicable diseases
title_sort nutritional knowledge and behaviours among adolescents in calabar towards prevention of diet related noncommunicable diseases
topic NCDs
Nutrition
Awareness
Adolescents
Prevention
url http://ojs.ibommedicaljournal.org/ojs/index.php/imjhome/article/view/697
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AT felevo nutritionalknowledgeandbehavioursamongadolescentsincalabartowardspreventionofdietrelatednoncommunicablediseases
AT onyenweakueo nutritionalknowledgeandbehavioursamongadolescentsincalabartowardspreventionofdietrelatednoncommunicablediseases