Innovative L-band electron paramagnetic resonance investigation of solid-state pouch cell batteries
<p>Usually, conventional electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and imaging employ a microwave cavity operating at X-band, i.e., with an excitation frequency of around 9.6 GHz, and this remains the most popular mode for the magnetic characterization of lithium batteries to date. H...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Magnetic Resonance |
| Online Access: | https://mr.copernicus.org/articles/6/113/2025/mr-6-113-2025.pdf |
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| Summary: | <p>Usually, conventional electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and imaging employ a microwave cavity operating at X-band, i.e., with an excitation frequency of around 9.6 GHz, and this remains the most popular mode for the magnetic characterization of lithium batteries to date. Here, we provide the first low-frequency EPR investigations with respect to monitoring the metallic lithium structures in solid-state pouch cell batteries. We show that L-band, i.e., a microwave frequency of around 1.01 GHz, is an invaluable method to probe the electrode components directly through a standard pouch cell using aluminum-laminated film for packaging without opening the battery. These results offer a new approach for monitoring the nucleation of micrometric and submicrometric lithium particles, such as dendritic lithium structures, and is an important step in the development of reliable solid-state batteries.</p> |
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| ISSN: | 2699-0016 |