Real-World Smartphone Data Predicts Mood After Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Symptoms and May Constitute Digital Endpoints: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Objective: To assess the feasibility of using smartphones to longitudinally collect objective behavior measures and establish the extent to which they can predict gold-standard depression severity in patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (IS/TIA) symptoms. Patients and Methods:...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Stephanie Zawada, PhD, MS, Jestrii Acosta, MS, Caden Collins, BA, Oana Dumitrascu, MD, MS, Ehab Harahsheh, MBBS, Clinton Hagen, MS, Ali Ganjizadeh, MD, Elham Mahmoudi, MD, Bradley Erickson, MD, PhD, Bart Demaerschalk, MD, MSc
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Digital Health
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949761225000471
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849319552843776000
author Stephanie Zawada, PhD, MS
Jestrii Acosta, MS
Caden Collins, BA
Oana Dumitrascu, MD, MS
Ehab Harahsheh, MBBS
Clinton Hagen, MS
Ali Ganjizadeh, MD
Elham Mahmoudi, MD
Bradley Erickson, MD, PhD
Bart Demaerschalk, MD, MSc
author_facet Stephanie Zawada, PhD, MS
Jestrii Acosta, MS
Caden Collins, BA
Oana Dumitrascu, MD, MS
Ehab Harahsheh, MBBS
Clinton Hagen, MS
Ali Ganjizadeh, MD
Elham Mahmoudi, MD
Bradley Erickson, MD, PhD
Bart Demaerschalk, MD, MSc
author_sort Stephanie Zawada, PhD, MS
collection DOAJ
description Objective: To assess the feasibility of using smartphones to longitudinally collect objective behavior measures and establish the extent to which they can predict gold-standard depression severity in patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (IS/TIA) symptoms. Patients and Methods: Participants with IS/TIA symptoms were monitored in real-world settings using the Beiwe application for 8 or more weeks during March 1, 2024 to November 15, 2024. Depression symptoms were tracked via weekly Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-8 surveys, monthly personnel-administered Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) assessments, and weekly averages of smartphone sensor measures. Repeated measures correlation established associations between PHQ-8 scores and objective behavior measures. To investigate how closely smartphone data predicted MADRS scores, linear mixed models were used. Results: Among enrolled participants (n=54), 35 completed the study (64.8%). PHQ-8 scores were associated with distance from home (r=0.173), time spent at home (r=−0.147) and PHQ-8 administration duration (r=0.151). Using demographic data and the most recent PHQ-8 scores, average root-mean-squared error for depression severity prediction across models was 1.64 with only PHQ-8 scores, 1.49 also including accelerometer and GPS data, and 1.36 also including PHQ-8 administration duration. Conclusion: Smartphone sensors captured objective behavior measures in patients with IS/TIA. In predictive models, the accuracy of depression severity scores improved as measures from additional smartphone sensors were included. Future research should validate this decentralized, exploratory approach in a larger cohort. Our work is a step toward showing that real-world monitoring with active and passive data may triage patients with IS/TIA for efficient depression screening and provide digital mobility and response time endpoints.
format Article
id doaj-art-5cbf13ec61ab49759f96707b85e4ebed
institution Kabale University
issn 2949-7612
language English
publishDate 2025-09-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Digital Health
spelling doaj-art-5cbf13ec61ab49759f96707b85e4ebed2025-08-20T03:50:25ZengElsevierMayo Clinic Proceedings: Digital Health2949-76122025-09-013310024010.1016/j.mcpdig.2025.100240Real-World Smartphone Data Predicts Mood After Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Symptoms and May Constitute Digital Endpoints: A Proof-of-Concept StudyStephanie Zawada, PhD, MS0Jestrii Acosta, MS1Caden Collins, BA2Oana Dumitrascu, MD, MS3Ehab Harahsheh, MBBS4Clinton Hagen, MS5Ali Ganjizadeh, MD6Elham Mahmoudi, MD7Bradley Erickson, MD, PhD8Bart Demaerschalk, MD, MSc9College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ; Correspondence: Address to Stephanie Zawada, PhD, MS, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 5777 E Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ 85054.Division of Cerebrovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZDivision of Cerebrovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZDivision of Cerebrovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZDivision of Cerebrovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZDivision of Statistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MNArtificial Intelligence Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MNArtificial Intelligence Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MNArtificial Intelligence Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MNDivision of Cerebrovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZObjective: To assess the feasibility of using smartphones to longitudinally collect objective behavior measures and establish the extent to which they can predict gold-standard depression severity in patients with ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (IS/TIA) symptoms. Patients and Methods: Participants with IS/TIA symptoms were monitored in real-world settings using the Beiwe application for 8 or more weeks during March 1, 2024 to November 15, 2024. Depression symptoms were tracked via weekly Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-8 surveys, monthly personnel-administered Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) assessments, and weekly averages of smartphone sensor measures. Repeated measures correlation established associations between PHQ-8 scores and objective behavior measures. To investigate how closely smartphone data predicted MADRS scores, linear mixed models were used. Results: Among enrolled participants (n=54), 35 completed the study (64.8%). PHQ-8 scores were associated with distance from home (r=0.173), time spent at home (r=−0.147) and PHQ-8 administration duration (r=0.151). Using demographic data and the most recent PHQ-8 scores, average root-mean-squared error for depression severity prediction across models was 1.64 with only PHQ-8 scores, 1.49 also including accelerometer and GPS data, and 1.36 also including PHQ-8 administration duration. Conclusion: Smartphone sensors captured objective behavior measures in patients with IS/TIA. In predictive models, the accuracy of depression severity scores improved as measures from additional smartphone sensors were included. Future research should validate this decentralized, exploratory approach in a larger cohort. Our work is a step toward showing that real-world monitoring with active and passive data may triage patients with IS/TIA for efficient depression screening and provide digital mobility and response time endpoints.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949761225000471
spellingShingle Stephanie Zawada, PhD, MS
Jestrii Acosta, MS
Caden Collins, BA
Oana Dumitrascu, MD, MS
Ehab Harahsheh, MBBS
Clinton Hagen, MS
Ali Ganjizadeh, MD
Elham Mahmoudi, MD
Bradley Erickson, MD, PhD
Bart Demaerschalk, MD, MSc
Real-World Smartphone Data Predicts Mood After Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Symptoms and May Constitute Digital Endpoints: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Digital Health
title Real-World Smartphone Data Predicts Mood After Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Symptoms and May Constitute Digital Endpoints: A Proof-of-Concept Study
title_full Real-World Smartphone Data Predicts Mood After Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Symptoms and May Constitute Digital Endpoints: A Proof-of-Concept Study
title_fullStr Real-World Smartphone Data Predicts Mood After Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Symptoms and May Constitute Digital Endpoints: A Proof-of-Concept Study
title_full_unstemmed Real-World Smartphone Data Predicts Mood After Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Symptoms and May Constitute Digital Endpoints: A Proof-of-Concept Study
title_short Real-World Smartphone Data Predicts Mood After Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack Symptoms and May Constitute Digital Endpoints: A Proof-of-Concept Study
title_sort real world smartphone data predicts mood after ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack symptoms and may constitute digital endpoints a proof of concept study
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949761225000471
work_keys_str_mv AT stephaniezawadaphdms realworldsmartphonedatapredictsmoodafterischemicstrokeandtransientischemicattacksymptomsandmayconstitutedigitalendpointsaproofofconceptstudy
AT jestriiacostams realworldsmartphonedatapredictsmoodafterischemicstrokeandtransientischemicattacksymptomsandmayconstitutedigitalendpointsaproofofconceptstudy
AT cadencollinsba realworldsmartphonedatapredictsmoodafterischemicstrokeandtransientischemicattacksymptomsandmayconstitutedigitalendpointsaproofofconceptstudy
AT oanadumitrascumdms realworldsmartphonedatapredictsmoodafterischemicstrokeandtransientischemicattacksymptomsandmayconstitutedigitalendpointsaproofofconceptstudy
AT ehabharahshehmbbs realworldsmartphonedatapredictsmoodafterischemicstrokeandtransientischemicattacksymptomsandmayconstitutedigitalendpointsaproofofconceptstudy
AT clintonhagenms realworldsmartphonedatapredictsmoodafterischemicstrokeandtransientischemicattacksymptomsandmayconstitutedigitalendpointsaproofofconceptstudy
AT aliganjizadehmd realworldsmartphonedatapredictsmoodafterischemicstrokeandtransientischemicattacksymptomsandmayconstitutedigitalendpointsaproofofconceptstudy
AT elhammahmoudimd realworldsmartphonedatapredictsmoodafterischemicstrokeandtransientischemicattacksymptomsandmayconstitutedigitalendpointsaproofofconceptstudy
AT bradleyericksonmdphd realworldsmartphonedatapredictsmoodafterischemicstrokeandtransientischemicattacksymptomsandmayconstitutedigitalendpointsaproofofconceptstudy
AT bartdemaerschalkmdmsc realworldsmartphonedatapredictsmoodafterischemicstrokeandtransientischemicattacksymptomsandmayconstitutedigitalendpointsaproofofconceptstudy