Exploratory analysis of critical event phases and the impact of team size and performance levels in 24 hour ultra cycling.

This study explores the complex dynamics of rank-order stability by analyzing the current-to-final rank difference (CFRD), a metric that provides a dynamic view of rank fluctuations and their impact on the final ranking. This approach enables the identification of critical event phases that signific...

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Main Authors: Carlo Dindorf, Jonas Dully, Lukas Maurer, Stephan Becker, Steven Simon, Eva Bartaguiz, Michael Fröhlich
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321944
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author Carlo Dindorf
Jonas Dully
Lukas Maurer
Stephan Becker
Steven Simon
Eva Bartaguiz
Michael Fröhlich
author_facet Carlo Dindorf
Jonas Dully
Lukas Maurer
Stephan Becker
Steven Simon
Eva Bartaguiz
Michael Fröhlich
author_sort Carlo Dindorf
collection DOAJ
description This study explores the complex dynamics of rank-order stability by analyzing the current-to-final rank difference (CFRD), a metric that provides a dynamic view of rank fluctuations and their impact on the final ranking. This approach enables the identification of critical event phases that significantly influence the final rank. Specifically, we examine how varying team sizes and performance levels shape temporal trends in CFRD during 24-hour cycling races. A comprehensive dataset covering four consecutive years (2019-2022) of a 24-hour cycling race on a 17.9 km repetitive driven road track, encompassing diverse team sizes (solo rider, or teams of 4 and 10), is used. The results indicate significant interactions between time, team size, and performance F(18.04) = 1.74; p = 0.03). As the race progresses, the final standings become progressively more predictable. Solo riders exhibit the least clarity in their final standing throughout the race. In contrast, larger teams achieve a clearer indication of their final ranking earlier in the race. Medium-performance teams, especially solo riders, show lower clarity in their final standing across the race duration, whereas high- and low-performance teams tend to exhibit more predictable outcomes at earlier stages of the race. Overall, this study advances our understanding of endurance team cycling, and offers valuable insights for strategic decision-making and race optimization.
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institution Kabale University
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publishDate 2025-01-01
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spelling doaj-art-5c5932884882482ab87cc0febff9b87a2025-08-20T03:49:50ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01207e032194410.1371/journal.pone.0321944Exploratory analysis of critical event phases and the impact of team size and performance levels in 24 hour ultra cycling.Carlo DindorfJonas DullyLukas MaurerStephan BeckerSteven SimonEva BartaguizMichael FröhlichThis study explores the complex dynamics of rank-order stability by analyzing the current-to-final rank difference (CFRD), a metric that provides a dynamic view of rank fluctuations and their impact on the final ranking. This approach enables the identification of critical event phases that significantly influence the final rank. Specifically, we examine how varying team sizes and performance levels shape temporal trends in CFRD during 24-hour cycling races. A comprehensive dataset covering four consecutive years (2019-2022) of a 24-hour cycling race on a 17.9 km repetitive driven road track, encompassing diverse team sizes (solo rider, or teams of 4 and 10), is used. The results indicate significant interactions between time, team size, and performance F(18.04) = 1.74; p = 0.03). As the race progresses, the final standings become progressively more predictable. Solo riders exhibit the least clarity in their final standing throughout the race. In contrast, larger teams achieve a clearer indication of their final ranking earlier in the race. Medium-performance teams, especially solo riders, show lower clarity in their final standing across the race duration, whereas high- and low-performance teams tend to exhibit more predictable outcomes at earlier stages of the race. Overall, this study advances our understanding of endurance team cycling, and offers valuable insights for strategic decision-making and race optimization.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321944
spellingShingle Carlo Dindorf
Jonas Dully
Lukas Maurer
Stephan Becker
Steven Simon
Eva Bartaguiz
Michael Fröhlich
Exploratory analysis of critical event phases and the impact of team size and performance levels in 24 hour ultra cycling.
PLoS ONE
title Exploratory analysis of critical event phases and the impact of team size and performance levels in 24 hour ultra cycling.
title_full Exploratory analysis of critical event phases and the impact of team size and performance levels in 24 hour ultra cycling.
title_fullStr Exploratory analysis of critical event phases and the impact of team size and performance levels in 24 hour ultra cycling.
title_full_unstemmed Exploratory analysis of critical event phases and the impact of team size and performance levels in 24 hour ultra cycling.
title_short Exploratory analysis of critical event phases and the impact of team size and performance levels in 24 hour ultra cycling.
title_sort exploratory analysis of critical event phases and the impact of team size and performance levels in 24 hour ultra cycling
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321944
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