Corrosion Behavior of Mild Steel in Various Environments Including CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and Their Combinations
This paper investigates the corrosion behavior of mild steel in simulated oilfield wastewater under CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and their mixture. Using the electrical resistance method, the corrosion rates were monitored, and the influence of corrosion product films on o...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| author | Yuanguang Yue Zhibiao Yin Shiming Li Ziyue Zhang Qifu Zhang |
| author_facet | Yuanguang Yue Zhibiao Yin Shiming Li Ziyue Zhang Qifu Zhang |
| author_sort | Yuanguang Yue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper investigates the corrosion behavior of mild steel in simulated oilfield wastewater under CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and their mixture. Using the electrical resistance method, the corrosion rates were monitored, and the influence of corrosion product films on overall performance was analyzed. The results show that the CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>S mixture causes the highest corrosion rate. Metallographic examination and X-ray diffraction (XRD) provided insights into the nature of the corrosion products formed on the steel surface. While hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) does not prevent general corrosion, it plays a role in mitigating localized damage. Corrosion leads to deep, narrow pits that weaken the structural integrity without significant surface damage, making it more dangerous than uniform corrosion. In CO<sub>2</sub>-only environments, electrochemical reactions form protective oxide layers. However, H<sub>2</sub>S alters this process by forming iron sulfides (FeS), which are less protective but still act as a barrier against further corrosion. In mixed CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>S environments, interactions between the gases complicate the corrosion dynamics, increasing medium aggressiveness and accelerating material degradation. Understanding these mechanisms is critical for the petroleum industry, where equipment is exposed to harsh conditions with varying CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S concentrations. Recognizing the dual role of H<sub>2</sub>S—its inability to inhibit general corrosion but its effectiveness in reducing pitting—can guide material selection and inhibitor development. This knowledge enhances the durability and safety of oil and gas infrastructure by addressing the most damaging forms of corrosion. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5c471aa3f9e04858b4d866cdea9c2ecf |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj-art-5c471aa3f9e04858b4d866cdea9c2ecf2025-08-20T02:18:00ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012025-04-0115444010.3390/met15040440Corrosion Behavior of Mild Steel in Various Environments Including CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and Their CombinationsYuanguang Yue0Zhibiao Yin1Shiming Li2Ziyue Zhang3Qifu Zhang4National Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Coating Technology for Metal Materials, Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Coating Technology for Metal Materials, Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Coating Technology for Metal Materials, Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Coating Technology for Metal Materials, Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Coating Technology for Metal Materials, Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, ChinaThis paper investigates the corrosion behavior of mild steel in simulated oilfield wastewater under CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and their mixture. Using the electrical resistance method, the corrosion rates were monitored, and the influence of corrosion product films on overall performance was analyzed. The results show that the CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>S mixture causes the highest corrosion rate. Metallographic examination and X-ray diffraction (XRD) provided insights into the nature of the corrosion products formed on the steel surface. While hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) does not prevent general corrosion, it plays a role in mitigating localized damage. Corrosion leads to deep, narrow pits that weaken the structural integrity without significant surface damage, making it more dangerous than uniform corrosion. In CO<sub>2</sub>-only environments, electrochemical reactions form protective oxide layers. However, H<sub>2</sub>S alters this process by forming iron sulfides (FeS), which are less protective but still act as a barrier against further corrosion. In mixed CO<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>S environments, interactions between the gases complicate the corrosion dynamics, increasing medium aggressiveness and accelerating material degradation. Understanding these mechanisms is critical for the petroleum industry, where equipment is exposed to harsh conditions with varying CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S concentrations. Recognizing the dual role of H<sub>2</sub>S—its inability to inhibit general corrosion but its effectiveness in reducing pitting—can guide material selection and inhibitor development. This knowledge enhances the durability and safety of oil and gas infrastructure by addressing the most damaging forms of corrosion.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/4/440oilfield environmentsmild steel corrosionCO<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>Selectrical resistance method |
| spellingShingle | Yuanguang Yue Zhibiao Yin Shiming Li Ziyue Zhang Qifu Zhang Corrosion Behavior of Mild Steel in Various Environments Including CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and Their Combinations Metals oilfield environments mild steel corrosion CO<sub>2</sub> H<sub>2</sub>S electrical resistance method |
| title | Corrosion Behavior of Mild Steel in Various Environments Including CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and Their Combinations |
| title_full | Corrosion Behavior of Mild Steel in Various Environments Including CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and Their Combinations |
| title_fullStr | Corrosion Behavior of Mild Steel in Various Environments Including CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and Their Combinations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Corrosion Behavior of Mild Steel in Various Environments Including CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and Their Combinations |
| title_short | Corrosion Behavior of Mild Steel in Various Environments Including CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S, and Their Combinations |
| title_sort | corrosion behavior of mild steel in various environments including co sub 2 sub h sub 2 sub s and their combinations |
| topic | oilfield environments mild steel corrosion CO<sub>2</sub> H<sub>2</sub>S electrical resistance method |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/4/440 |
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