Targeting the TRIM14/USP14 axis enhances radiotherapy efficacy by inducing GPX4 degradation and disrupting ferroptotic defense in HCC

Abstract Radiation resistance constitutes a formidable impediment in the treatment paradigm for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Deubiquitinases (DUBs) exhibit notable efficacy in modulating cellular responses to stress and exogenous interventions, endowed with the critical trait of being targetable,...

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Main Authors: Xin Yue, Zhen Xiang, Yang Yi, Xuecen Wang, Weilin Zhou, Weijian Wu, Wenjing Qin, Yuxuan Zhao, Xianzhang Bu, Zhenwei Peng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2025-07-01
Series:Cell Death and Disease
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-025-07807-6
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author Xin Yue
Zhen Xiang
Yang Yi
Xuecen Wang
Weilin Zhou
Weijian Wu
Wenjing Qin
Yuxuan Zhao
Xianzhang Bu
Zhenwei Peng
author_facet Xin Yue
Zhen Xiang
Yang Yi
Xuecen Wang
Weilin Zhou
Weijian Wu
Wenjing Qin
Yuxuan Zhao
Xianzhang Bu
Zhenwei Peng
author_sort Xin Yue
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Radiation resistance constitutes a formidable impediment in the treatment paradigm for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Deubiquitinases (DUBs) exhibit notable efficacy in modulating cellular responses to stress and exogenous interventions, endowed with the critical trait of being targetable, thus facilitating the execution of precise therapeutic strategies. Here, we demonstrate that broad-spectrum inhibition of thiol hydrolase-type DUBs markedly augments radiotherapy sensitivity in HCC cells. Based on this, via CRISPR-based screening, we identified USP14 as the principal DUB orchestrating radioresistance. Ferroptosis emerged as a pivotal form of radiation-induced cell death, with our study singularly illustrating that USP14 is instrumental in directing cellular defenses against ferroptosis via the targeting and stabilization of glutathione peroxidase (GPX4). Mechanistically, we found that radiation triggers the assembly of Tripartite motif-containing protein 14 (TRIM14) at the GPX4 locus, subsequently recruiting USP14. The TRIM14/USP14 complex facilitates the excision of pronounced K48-linked polyubiquitination at lysine residues 48 or 118 on GPX4, thereby preserving GPX4’s structural integrity and antioxidative function to counteract ferroptosis. Intriguingly, TRIM14-mediated GPX4 stabilization is further amplified in radioresistant HCC, and subsequent radiation enables USP14-dependent blockade of GPX4 degradation. Consequently, pharmacological inhibition of USP14 substantially increases the susceptibility of HCC cells, thereby sensitizing patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors to radiotherapy. Concurrently, we explored the abscopal effect of radiotherapy and revealed that targeting USP14-enhanced ferroptosis augments antitumor immune responses post-radiation, suggesting a strategy to sustain therapeutic efficacy. In conclusion, our study uncovers the TRIM14/USP14 axis as a critical suppressor of radiation-induced ferroptosis and an actionable target to overcome radioresistance in HCC. These findings provide mechanistic insights and a translational framework for improving radiotherapy outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-5c2c0bfdffd541b5989f4526c34290142025-08-20T03:04:11ZengNature Publishing GroupCell Death and Disease2041-48892025-07-0116112010.1038/s41419-025-07807-6Targeting the TRIM14/USP14 axis enhances radiotherapy efficacy by inducing GPX4 degradation and disrupting ferroptotic defense in HCCXin Yue0Zhen Xiang1Yang Yi2Xuecen Wang3Weilin Zhou4Weijian Wu5Wenjing Qin6Yuxuan Zhao7Xianzhang Bu8Zhenwei Peng9Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityState Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen UniversityDepartment of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen UniversityAbstract Radiation resistance constitutes a formidable impediment in the treatment paradigm for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Deubiquitinases (DUBs) exhibit notable efficacy in modulating cellular responses to stress and exogenous interventions, endowed with the critical trait of being targetable, thus facilitating the execution of precise therapeutic strategies. Here, we demonstrate that broad-spectrum inhibition of thiol hydrolase-type DUBs markedly augments radiotherapy sensitivity in HCC cells. Based on this, via CRISPR-based screening, we identified USP14 as the principal DUB orchestrating radioresistance. Ferroptosis emerged as a pivotal form of radiation-induced cell death, with our study singularly illustrating that USP14 is instrumental in directing cellular defenses against ferroptosis via the targeting and stabilization of glutathione peroxidase (GPX4). Mechanistically, we found that radiation triggers the assembly of Tripartite motif-containing protein 14 (TRIM14) at the GPX4 locus, subsequently recruiting USP14. The TRIM14/USP14 complex facilitates the excision of pronounced K48-linked polyubiquitination at lysine residues 48 or 118 on GPX4, thereby preserving GPX4’s structural integrity and antioxidative function to counteract ferroptosis. Intriguingly, TRIM14-mediated GPX4 stabilization is further amplified in radioresistant HCC, and subsequent radiation enables USP14-dependent blockade of GPX4 degradation. Consequently, pharmacological inhibition of USP14 substantially increases the susceptibility of HCC cells, thereby sensitizing patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors to radiotherapy. Concurrently, we explored the abscopal effect of radiotherapy and revealed that targeting USP14-enhanced ferroptosis augments antitumor immune responses post-radiation, suggesting a strategy to sustain therapeutic efficacy. In conclusion, our study uncovers the TRIM14/USP14 axis as a critical suppressor of radiation-induced ferroptosis and an actionable target to overcome radioresistance in HCC. These findings provide mechanistic insights and a translational framework for improving radiotherapy outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-025-07807-6
spellingShingle Xin Yue
Zhen Xiang
Yang Yi
Xuecen Wang
Weilin Zhou
Weijian Wu
Wenjing Qin
Yuxuan Zhao
Xianzhang Bu
Zhenwei Peng
Targeting the TRIM14/USP14 axis enhances radiotherapy efficacy by inducing GPX4 degradation and disrupting ferroptotic defense in HCC
Cell Death and Disease
title Targeting the TRIM14/USP14 axis enhances radiotherapy efficacy by inducing GPX4 degradation and disrupting ferroptotic defense in HCC
title_full Targeting the TRIM14/USP14 axis enhances radiotherapy efficacy by inducing GPX4 degradation and disrupting ferroptotic defense in HCC
title_fullStr Targeting the TRIM14/USP14 axis enhances radiotherapy efficacy by inducing GPX4 degradation and disrupting ferroptotic defense in HCC
title_full_unstemmed Targeting the TRIM14/USP14 axis enhances radiotherapy efficacy by inducing GPX4 degradation and disrupting ferroptotic defense in HCC
title_short Targeting the TRIM14/USP14 axis enhances radiotherapy efficacy by inducing GPX4 degradation and disrupting ferroptotic defense in HCC
title_sort targeting the trim14 usp14 axis enhances radiotherapy efficacy by inducing gpx4 degradation and disrupting ferroptotic defense in hcc
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-025-07807-6
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