Comparison of the initial and residual speed of Amblyomma americanum kill on dogs treated with a single dose of Bravecto® Chew (25 mg/kg fluralaner) or Simparica TRIO® (1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 5 mg/kg pyrantel)
Abstract Background To manage tick infestations and reduce tick-borne pathogen transmission risk to dogs, compliant administration of a fast-acting ectoparasiticide is necessary. Isoxazoline-containing ectoparasiticide products provide systemic whole-body coverage; however, differences in tick kill...
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BMC
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06600-2 |
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| author | Kathryn E. Reif Michael W. Dryden Dorothy M. Normile Qing Kang Brian H. Herrin Jeba R. J. Jesudoss Chelladurai Naemi P. Bickmeier Cameron J. Sutherland Mallory S. Beltz |
| author_facet | Kathryn E. Reif Michael W. Dryden Dorothy M. Normile Qing Kang Brian H. Herrin Jeba R. J. Jesudoss Chelladurai Naemi P. Bickmeier Cameron J. Sutherland Mallory S. Beltz |
| author_sort | Kathryn E. Reif |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background To manage tick infestations and reduce tick-borne pathogen transmission risk to dogs, compliant administration of a fast-acting ectoparasiticide is necessary. Isoxazoline-containing ectoparasiticide products provide systemic whole-body coverage; however, differences in tick kill have been observed between products and these differences may be more pronounced when controlling common dose-limiting tick species such as Amblyomma americanum. Methods Dogs were ranked by tick carrying capacity, randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups, and administered Bravecto® Chews (minimum 25 mg/kg fluralaner), Simparica TRIO® (minimum 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 5 mg/kg pyrantel), or no treatment. Dogs were infested with approximately 50 unfed adult (25 female, 25 male) A. americanum on days −2, 21, 28, and 35. Live tick counts were performed at 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h post-treatment (day 0) and post-infestation on days 21, 28, and 35. At each tick count timepoint, product efficacy was determined by comparing geometric mean live tick counts for each product-treated group to the untreated group and a linear mixed model was used for between-group comparisons. Results Compared with untreated dogs, significant control of existing A. americanum infestations began by 8 h post-treatment (81.6%) and reached 98.0% control by 12-h for Bravecto®-treated dogs. In comparison, significant control for Simparica TRIO®-treated dogs began by 24 h post-treatment (97.7%). When reinfested on day 21, A. americanum infestations were controlled more quickly for Bravecto® compared with Simparica TRIO®-treated dogs at 12 h (efficacy 95.3% versus 25.5%, P < 0.001) and 24 h (efficacy 99.7% versus 70.9%, P < 0.001) post-infestation. Similarly, when reinfested on day 28, faster A. americanum control occurred for Bravecto® compared with Simparica TRIO®-treated dogs at 12 h (efficacy 87.9% versus 18.3%, P < 0.001) and at 24 h (99.2% versus 59.3%, P < 0.001) post-infestation. Finally, when reinfested on day 35, time to ≥ 90% efficacy was achieved by 48 h for Bravecto®-treated dogs compared with 72 h post-infestation for Simparica TRIO®-treated dogs. Both products performed within label indications and no treatment-related adverse reactions occurred during the study. Conclusions Amblyomma americanum infestations are controlled more quickly immediately upon treatment and at 21, 28, and 35 days post-treatment for Bravecto® compared with Simparica TRIO®-treated dogs. Graphical Abstract |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5c2221088a5e4004afad28ebd76cee4f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1756-3305 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
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| series | Parasites & Vectors |
| spelling | doaj-art-5c2221088a5e4004afad28ebd76cee4f2025-08-20T03:41:41ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052025-03-0118111310.1186/s13071-024-06600-2Comparison of the initial and residual speed of Amblyomma americanum kill on dogs treated with a single dose of Bravecto® Chew (25 mg/kg fluralaner) or Simparica TRIO® (1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 5 mg/kg pyrantel)Kathryn E. Reif0Michael W. Dryden1Dorothy M. Normile2Qing Kang3Brian H. Herrin4Jeba R. J. Jesudoss Chelladurai5Naemi P. Bickmeier6Cameron J. Sutherland7Mallory S. Beltz8Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn UniversityDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State UniversityMerck Animal HealthDepartment of Statistics, Kansas State UniversityDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State UniversityDepartment of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn UniversityDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State UniversityDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State UniversityDepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State UniversityAbstract Background To manage tick infestations and reduce tick-borne pathogen transmission risk to dogs, compliant administration of a fast-acting ectoparasiticide is necessary. Isoxazoline-containing ectoparasiticide products provide systemic whole-body coverage; however, differences in tick kill have been observed between products and these differences may be more pronounced when controlling common dose-limiting tick species such as Amblyomma americanum. Methods Dogs were ranked by tick carrying capacity, randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups, and administered Bravecto® Chews (minimum 25 mg/kg fluralaner), Simparica TRIO® (minimum 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 5 mg/kg pyrantel), or no treatment. Dogs were infested with approximately 50 unfed adult (25 female, 25 male) A. americanum on days −2, 21, 28, and 35. Live tick counts were performed at 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h post-treatment (day 0) and post-infestation on days 21, 28, and 35. At each tick count timepoint, product efficacy was determined by comparing geometric mean live tick counts for each product-treated group to the untreated group and a linear mixed model was used for between-group comparisons. Results Compared with untreated dogs, significant control of existing A. americanum infestations began by 8 h post-treatment (81.6%) and reached 98.0% control by 12-h for Bravecto®-treated dogs. In comparison, significant control for Simparica TRIO®-treated dogs began by 24 h post-treatment (97.7%). When reinfested on day 21, A. americanum infestations were controlled more quickly for Bravecto® compared with Simparica TRIO®-treated dogs at 12 h (efficacy 95.3% versus 25.5%, P < 0.001) and 24 h (efficacy 99.7% versus 70.9%, P < 0.001) post-infestation. Similarly, when reinfested on day 28, faster A. americanum control occurred for Bravecto® compared with Simparica TRIO®-treated dogs at 12 h (efficacy 87.9% versus 18.3%, P < 0.001) and at 24 h (99.2% versus 59.3%, P < 0.001) post-infestation. Finally, when reinfested on day 35, time to ≥ 90% efficacy was achieved by 48 h for Bravecto®-treated dogs compared with 72 h post-infestation for Simparica TRIO®-treated dogs. Both products performed within label indications and no treatment-related adverse reactions occurred during the study. Conclusions Amblyomma americanum infestations are controlled more quickly immediately upon treatment and at 21, 28, and 35 days post-treatment for Bravecto® compared with Simparica TRIO®-treated dogs. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06600-2AcaricideLone star tickCanineEctoparasiticideIsoxazolinePrevention |
| spellingShingle | Kathryn E. Reif Michael W. Dryden Dorothy M. Normile Qing Kang Brian H. Herrin Jeba R. J. Jesudoss Chelladurai Naemi P. Bickmeier Cameron J. Sutherland Mallory S. Beltz Comparison of the initial and residual speed of Amblyomma americanum kill on dogs treated with a single dose of Bravecto® Chew (25 mg/kg fluralaner) or Simparica TRIO® (1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 5 mg/kg pyrantel) Parasites & Vectors Acaricide Lone star tick Canine Ectoparasiticide Isoxazoline Prevention |
| title | Comparison of the initial and residual speed of Amblyomma americanum kill on dogs treated with a single dose of Bravecto® Chew (25 mg/kg fluralaner) or Simparica TRIO® (1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 5 mg/kg pyrantel) |
| title_full | Comparison of the initial and residual speed of Amblyomma americanum kill on dogs treated with a single dose of Bravecto® Chew (25 mg/kg fluralaner) or Simparica TRIO® (1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 5 mg/kg pyrantel) |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of the initial and residual speed of Amblyomma americanum kill on dogs treated with a single dose of Bravecto® Chew (25 mg/kg fluralaner) or Simparica TRIO® (1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 5 mg/kg pyrantel) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of the initial and residual speed of Amblyomma americanum kill on dogs treated with a single dose of Bravecto® Chew (25 mg/kg fluralaner) or Simparica TRIO® (1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 5 mg/kg pyrantel) |
| title_short | Comparison of the initial and residual speed of Amblyomma americanum kill on dogs treated with a single dose of Bravecto® Chew (25 mg/kg fluralaner) or Simparica TRIO® (1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 5 mg/kg pyrantel) |
| title_sort | comparison of the initial and residual speed of amblyomma americanum kill on dogs treated with a single dose of bravecto r chew 25 mg kg fluralaner or simparica trio r 1 2 mg kg sarolaner 24 µg kg moxidectin 5 mg kg pyrantel |
| topic | Acaricide Lone star tick Canine Ectoparasiticide Isoxazoline Prevention |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06600-2 |
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