Cross ethnic Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal relationship between air pollution and risk of kidney stones
Abstract Accumulating evidence has indicated that exposures to air pollution increase the odds of kidney stones. However, the previous research methods were limited. To address this gap, we employed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets and Mendelian randomization (MR) to verify the causat...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| author | Shuangping Li Aijia Mu Zhinan Jing Ziyi Liu Xinfang Cao Jincheng Guo Yujia Xi Qiang Guo |
| author_facet | Shuangping Li Aijia Mu Zhinan Jing Ziyi Liu Xinfang Cao Jincheng Guo Yujia Xi Qiang Guo |
| author_sort | Shuangping Li |
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| description | Abstract Accumulating evidence has indicated that exposures to air pollution increase the odds of kidney stones. However, the previous research methods were limited. To address this gap, we employed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets and Mendelian randomization (MR) to verify the causation. Applying publicly accessible summary datasets from UK Biobank, FinnGen consortium and Biobank Japan, a two-sample MR, and further multivariate MR were carried out to calculate the causality between air pollution [particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), PM2.5 absorbance, PM2.5–10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides] and kidney stone risk in three different populations (European, East Asian, and South Asian). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) was utilized for its first-step assessment, supplemented with MR-Egger, weighted median, Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept and leave-one-out analysis to ensure the robustness. Employing IVW, we discovered in the European population that PM2.5 absorbance was statistically correlated with kidney stone risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.94; P = 0.04), with no heterogeneity, pleiotropy, or sensitivity observed. Additionally, the MVMR result revealed the directly causative connection between a single PM2.5 absorbance and the increase in kidney stone risk (OR = 1.77, 95%CI: 1.06–2.98, p = 0.03). Our investigation proposed the correlation between PM2.5 absorbance and an increased risk of kidney stones in European populations. The control of air pollution, especially PM2.5, may have crucial implications for the prevention of kidney stones. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-5c1ab3b2813b4e668180428bdc876fda2025-08-20T02:12:06ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-011511810.1038/s41598-025-97436-yCross ethnic Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal relationship between air pollution and risk of kidney stonesShuangping Li0Aijia Mu1Zhinan Jing2Ziyi Liu3Xinfang Cao4Jincheng Guo5Yujia Xi6Qiang Guo7Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityMale Reproductive Health Research Center, Shanxi Medical UniversityMale Reproductive Health Research Center, Shanxi Medical UniversityMale Reproductive Health Research Center, Shanxi Medical UniversityMale Reproductive Health Research Center, Shanxi Medical UniversityMale Reproductive Health Research Center, Shanxi Medical UniversityDepartment of Urology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityDepartment of Urology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityAbstract Accumulating evidence has indicated that exposures to air pollution increase the odds of kidney stones. However, the previous research methods were limited. To address this gap, we employed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets and Mendelian randomization (MR) to verify the causation. Applying publicly accessible summary datasets from UK Biobank, FinnGen consortium and Biobank Japan, a two-sample MR, and further multivariate MR were carried out to calculate the causality between air pollution [particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), PM2.5 absorbance, PM2.5–10, PM10, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrogen oxides] and kidney stone risk in three different populations (European, East Asian, and South Asian). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) was utilized for its first-step assessment, supplemented with MR-Egger, weighted median, Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept and leave-one-out analysis to ensure the robustness. Employing IVW, we discovered in the European population that PM2.5 absorbance was statistically correlated with kidney stone risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.40; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.94; P = 0.04), with no heterogeneity, pleiotropy, or sensitivity observed. Additionally, the MVMR result revealed the directly causative connection between a single PM2.5 absorbance and the increase in kidney stone risk (OR = 1.77, 95%CI: 1.06–2.98, p = 0.03). Our investigation proposed the correlation between PM2.5 absorbance and an increased risk of kidney stones in European populations. The control of air pollution, especially PM2.5, may have crucial implications for the prevention of kidney stones.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97436-yPM2.5 absorbanceKidney stone disease (kidney stone)Air pollutionMendelian randomizationGenome-wide association studies |
| spellingShingle | Shuangping Li Aijia Mu Zhinan Jing Ziyi Liu Xinfang Cao Jincheng Guo Yujia Xi Qiang Guo Cross ethnic Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal relationship between air pollution and risk of kidney stones Scientific Reports PM2.5 absorbance Kidney stone disease (kidney stone) Air pollution Mendelian randomization Genome-wide association studies |
| title | Cross ethnic Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal relationship between air pollution and risk of kidney stones |
| title_full | Cross ethnic Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal relationship between air pollution and risk of kidney stones |
| title_fullStr | Cross ethnic Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal relationship between air pollution and risk of kidney stones |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cross ethnic Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal relationship between air pollution and risk of kidney stones |
| title_short | Cross ethnic Mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal relationship between air pollution and risk of kidney stones |
| title_sort | cross ethnic mendelian randomization analysis reveals causal relationship between air pollution and risk of kidney stones |
| topic | PM2.5 absorbance Kidney stone disease (kidney stone) Air pollution Mendelian randomization Genome-wide association studies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97436-y |
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