Combating antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, challenges, and innovative approaches in antibacterial drug development
Antibiotic resistance is a significant threat to public health and drug development, driven largely by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in medical and agricultural settings. As bacteria adapt to evade current drugs, managing bacterial infections has become increasingly challenging, leading to p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Open Exploration
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Exploration of Drug Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/A100887/100887.pdf |
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| author | Aiswarya M. Rajesh Shraddha Subhash Pawar Kruthi Doriya Rambabu Dandela |
| author_facet | Aiswarya M. Rajesh Shraddha Subhash Pawar Kruthi Doriya Rambabu Dandela |
| author_sort | Aiswarya M. Rajesh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antibiotic resistance is a significant threat to public health and drug development, driven largely by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in medical and agricultural settings. As bacteria adapt to evade current drugs, managing bacterial infections has become increasingly challenging, leading to prolonged illnesses, higher healthcare costs, and increased mortality. This review explores the critical role of antibiotics in fighting infections and the mechanisms that enable bacteria to resist them. Key antibiotics discussed include carvacrol, dalbavancin, quinolones, fluoroquinolones, and zoliflodacin, each with unique actions against bacterial pathogens. Bacteria have evolved complex resistance strategies, such as enzyme production to neutralize drugs, modifying drug targets, and using efflux pumps to remove antibiotics, significantly reducing drug efficacy. Additionally, the review examines the challenges in antibiotic development, including a declining discovery rate of novel drugs due to high costs and regulatory complexities. Innovative approaches, such as structure-based drug design, combination therapies, and new delivery systems, are highlighted for their potential to create compounds with enhanced action against resistant strains. This review provides valuable insights for researchers and developers aiming to combat antibiotic resistance and advance the development of robust antibacterial therapies for future health security. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5c099ec05ef24069b032d43f30402cf9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2836-7677 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Open Exploration |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Exploration of Drug Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-5c099ec05ef24069b032d43f30402cf92025-02-08T03:05:27ZengOpen ExplorationExploration of Drug Science2836-76772025-01-01310088710.37349/eds.2025.100887Combating antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, challenges, and innovative approaches in antibacterial drug developmentAiswarya M. Rajesh0Shraddha Subhash Pawar1Kruthi Doriya2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-7883Rambabu Dandela3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2764-782XDepartment of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology-IndianOil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology-IndianOil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, IndiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology-IndianOil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology-IndianOil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, IndiaAntibiotic resistance is a significant threat to public health and drug development, driven largely by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in medical and agricultural settings. As bacteria adapt to evade current drugs, managing bacterial infections has become increasingly challenging, leading to prolonged illnesses, higher healthcare costs, and increased mortality. This review explores the critical role of antibiotics in fighting infections and the mechanisms that enable bacteria to resist them. Key antibiotics discussed include carvacrol, dalbavancin, quinolones, fluoroquinolones, and zoliflodacin, each with unique actions against bacterial pathogens. Bacteria have evolved complex resistance strategies, such as enzyme production to neutralize drugs, modifying drug targets, and using efflux pumps to remove antibiotics, significantly reducing drug efficacy. Additionally, the review examines the challenges in antibiotic development, including a declining discovery rate of novel drugs due to high costs and regulatory complexities. Innovative approaches, such as structure-based drug design, combination therapies, and new delivery systems, are highlighted for their potential to create compounds with enhanced action against resistant strains. This review provides valuable insights for researchers and developers aiming to combat antibiotic resistance and advance the development of robust antibacterial therapies for future health security.https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/A100887/100887.pdfantimicrobial resistancedrug developmentantibacterial therapiesresistance mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Aiswarya M. Rajesh Shraddha Subhash Pawar Kruthi Doriya Rambabu Dandela Combating antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, challenges, and innovative approaches in antibacterial drug development Exploration of Drug Science antimicrobial resistance drug development antibacterial therapies resistance mechanism |
| title | Combating antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, challenges, and innovative approaches in antibacterial drug development |
| title_full | Combating antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, challenges, and innovative approaches in antibacterial drug development |
| title_fullStr | Combating antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, challenges, and innovative approaches in antibacterial drug development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combating antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, challenges, and innovative approaches in antibacterial drug development |
| title_short | Combating antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, challenges, and innovative approaches in antibacterial drug development |
| title_sort | combating antibiotic resistance mechanisms challenges and innovative approaches in antibacterial drug development |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance drug development antibacterial therapies resistance mechanism |
| url | https://www.explorationpub.com/uploads/Article/A100887/100887.pdf |
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